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Genome characterization and CRISPR-Cas9 editing of a human neocentromere
The maintenance of genome integrity is ensured by proper chromosome inheritance during mitotic and meiotic cell divisions. The chromosomal...
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Massive expansion of sex-specific SNPs, transposon-related elements, and neocentromere formation shape the young W-chromosome from the mosquitofish Gambusia affinis
BackgroundThe Western mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis , is a model for sex chromosome organization and evolution of female heterogamety. We previously...
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Epigenetic control of centromere: what can we learn from neocentromere?
BackgroundThe centromere is the special region on a chromosome, which serves as the site for assembly of kinetochore complex and is essential for...
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BL1391: an established cell line from a human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor with unique genomic features
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive tumors, accounting for around 5% of all soft tissue sarcomas. A better understanding...
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Centromeric and pericentric transcription and transcripts: their intricate relationships, regulation, and functions
Centromeres are no longer considered to be silent. Both centromeric and pericentric transcription have been discovered, and their RNA transcripts...
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The maize abnormal chromosome 10 meiotic drive haplotype: a review
The maize abnormal chromosome 10 (Ab10) haplotype encodes a meiotic drive system that converts heterochromatic knobs into centromere-like bodies that...
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Vertebrate centromere architecture: from chromatin threads to functional structures
Centromeres are chromatin structures specialized in sister chromatid cohesion, kinetochore assembly, and microtubule attachment during chromosome...
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Establishment and inheritance of minichromosomes from Arabidopsis haploid induction
Minichromosomes are small, sometimes circular, rearranged chromosomes consisting of one centromere and short chromosomal arms formed by treatments...
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DNA satellite and chromatin organization at mouse centromeres and pericentromeres
BackgroundCentromeres are essential for faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis. However, the organization of satellite DNA and...
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Emerging roles of centromeric RNAs in centromere formation and function
BackgroundCentromeres are specialized chromosomal domains involved in kinetochore formation and faithful chromosome segregation. Despite a high level...
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Chromosome Variability of Manatees (Trichechus spp.) from Brazil: The State of the Art, Challenges and Perspectives for Management and Conservation
The analysis of chromosome structure and variation can provide important information for the management and reproduction of threatened species, in...
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Genetic and epigenetic effects on centromere establishment
Endogenous chromosomes contain centromeres to direct equal chromosomal segregation in mitosis and meiosis. The location and function of existing...
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Establishment of a set of wheat-rye addition lines with resistance to stem rust
Key messageComplete new wheat-rye disomic, telosomic addition lines and various chromosomal aberrations were developed and characterized by molecular...
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MDM2 amplification in rod-shaped chromosomes provides clues to early stages of circularized gene amplification in liposarcoma
Well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLS) displays amplification of genes on chromosome 12 (Chr12) in supernumerary ring or giant marker chromosomes....
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Synthetic maize centromeres transmit chromosomes across generations
Centromeres are long, often repetitive regions of genomes that bind kinetochore proteins and ensure normal chromosome segregation. Engineering...
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Recurrent breakdown and rebalance of segregation distortion in the genomes: battle for the transmission advantage
Mendel’s laws state that each of the two alleles would segregate during gamete formation and show the same transmission ratio in the next generation....
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Non-random chromosome segregation and chromosome eliminations in the fly Bradysia (Sciara)
Mendelian inheritance is based upon random segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis and perfect duplication and division of chromosomes...
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Eight million years of maintained heterozygosity in chromosome homologs of cercopithecine monkeys
In the Cercopithecini ancestor two chromosomes, homologous to human chromosomes 20 and 21, fused to form the Cercopithecini specific 20/21...
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Mammalian Cytogenetics and Its Contribution to the Development of Chromosomal Diagnoses and the Species System
Abstract —A review of studies on the chromosome sets of Palaearctic mammals carried out by Russian karyologists and an important contribution to...