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The molecular basis of translation initiation and its regulation in eukaryotes
The regulation of gene expression is fundamental for life. Whereas the role of transcriptional regulation of gene expression has been studied for...
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Assembly of the Mitochondrial Translation Initiation Complex
Mitochondria maintain their own translational machinery that is responsible for the synthesis of essential components of the oxidative...
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The structure of a human translation initiation complex reveals two independent roles for the helicase eIF4A
Eukaryotic translation initiation involves recruitment of the 43S pre-initiation complex to the 5′ end of mRNA by the cap-binding complex eIF4F,...
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Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15 A promotes translation initiation and induces G2M phase arrest during cuproptosis in cancers
Copper ions play a crucial role as cofactors for essential enzymes in cellular processes. However, when the intracellular concentration of copper...
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α1,3-fucosylation of MEST promotes invasion potential of cytotrophoblast cells by activating translation initiation
Embryo implantation into the uterus is the gateway for successful pregnancy. Proper migration and invasion of embryonic trophoblast cells are the key...
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Non-AUG translation initiation in mammals
Recent proteogenomic studies revealed extensive translation outside of annotated protein coding regions, such as non-coding RNAs and untranslated...
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Transcription Needs Translation Initiation of the Downstream Gene to Continue Downstream at Intercistronic Junctions in E. Coli
We have reported a gal mutant called galE stop 0 , wherein the galE stop codon was changed to a sense codon. The experiment results demonstrated that...
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Retinoic acid and RARγ maintain satellite cell quiescence through regulation of translation initiation
In adult skeletal muscle, satellite cells are in a quiescent state, which is essential for the future activation of muscle homeostasis and...
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Cell-Based Fluorescent Screen Amenable to HTS to Identify Inhibitors of Bacterial Translation Initiation
A strategy that can be applied to the research of new molecules with antibacterial activity is to look for inhibitors of essential bacterial...
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The effect of the nucleotides immediately upstream of the AUG start codon on the efficiency of translation initiation in sperm cells
It is widely known that an optimal nucleotide sequence context immediately upstream of the AUG start codon greatly improves the efficiency of...
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Distance-dependent inhibition of translation initiation by downstream out-of-frame AUGs is consistent with a Brownian ratchet process of ribosome scanning
BackgroundEukaryotic ribosomes are widely presumed to scan mRNA for the AUG codon to initiate translation in a strictly 5′–3′ movement (i.e.,...
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Wide mutational analysis to ascertain the functional roles of eL33 in ribosome biogenesis and translation initiation
An extensive mutational analysis of RPL33A, encoding the yeast ribosomal protein L33A (eL33) allowed us to identify several novel rpl33a mutants with...
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Non-Canonical Translation Initiation Mechanisms Employed by Eukaryotic Viral mRNAs
AbstractViruses exploit the translation machinery of an infected cell to synthesize their proteins. Therefore, viral mRNAs have to compete for...
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Tandem repeats ubiquitously flank and contribute to translation initiation sites
BackgroundWhile the evolutionary divergence of cis -regulatory sequences impacts translation initiation sites (TISs), the implication of tandem...
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Translation
Die Translation ist einer der grundlegenden Vorgänge in allen lebenden Zellen. Sie markiert den zweiten Schritt nach der Transkription, um die in der...
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Selection of start codon during mRNA scanning in eukaryotic translation initiation
Accurate and high-speed scanning and subsequent selection of the correct start codon are important events in protein synthesis. Eukaryotic mRNAs have...
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SARS-CoV-2 competes with host mRNAs for efficient translation by maintaining the mutations favorable for translation initiation
During SARS-CoV-2 proliferation, the translation of viral RNAs is usually the rate-limiting step. Understanding the molecular details of this step is...
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Circular RNA eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 facilitates TPC-1 cell proliferation and invasion through the microRNA-138-5p/lipase H axis
Both circular RNA eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 (circEIF6) and microRNA (miR)-138-5p participate in thyroid cancer (TC) progression....
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Diversity and Evolution of Mitochondrial Translation Apparatus
AbstractThe evolution of mitochondria has proceeded independently in different eukaryotic lines, which is reflected in the diversity of mitochondrial...
