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Involvement of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases p38 and ERK1/2, as well as Protein Kinase B Akt1/2, in the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
AbstractNeutrophils release decondensed nuclear chromatin or neutrophil extracellular trap (NETs) in response to a large number of different...
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase: A Potent Signaling Protein that Combats Biotic and Abiotic Stress in Plants
Serine kinases, also identified as mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), are involved in the transmission of cellular signals that carry out...
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Identification of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase from Schizochytrium sp. and Application in Resisting Stress Environments
AbstractSchizochytrium sp. is a marine fungus, which usually lives in the salinity of 40–100% seawater and has unique salt tolerance...
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The wheat Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase TMPK3 plays a positive role in salt and osmotic stress response
Although plant MAPK cascades play decisive roles in stress responses, their contribution in wheat remains largely unknown. The bread wheat TMPK3...
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The Glycine Max Abscisic Acid-Activated Protein Kinase-Like Kinase 1 (GmAALK1) Modulates Drought Stress Response
Abscisic acid-activated protein kinases (AAPK) are key components in abscisic acid (ABA) signalling and have been implicated in mediating responses...
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E2F transcription factor 2-activated DLEU2 contributes to prostate tumorigenesis by upregulating serum and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase 1
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in biological processes in multiple types of tumors. However, the regulatory patterns of lncRNAs in...
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Comprehensive analysis of stress-activated protein kinase genes (OsSAPKs) in rice flowering time
Main conclusionThe rice SnRK2 members SAPK4, SAPK5, SAPK7 and SAPK10 are positive regulators involved in the regulation of rice flowering, while...
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Heavy Metal Stress–Induced Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signalling Cascade in Plants
In recent years, as a result of anthropogenic activities, a rise in environmental stresses has been observed. Sessile organisms such as plants make...
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Functional analysis of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in potato under biotic and abiotic stress
Biotic and abiotic stresses are the main constrain of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) production all over the world. To overcome these hurdles, many...
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Characterization of sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) gene family in Haynaldia villosa demonstrated SnRK2.9-V enhances drought and salt stress tolerance of common wheat
BackgroundThe sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) plays a crucial role in responses to diverse biotic/abiotic stresses....
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The functions of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in diabetes progression
The increase in blood glucose causes a myriad of pathways and molecular components to malfunction, leading to diabetes. Diabetes affects each organ...
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Protein–Protein Interactions in Abiotic Stress Signaling: An Overview of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods of Characterization
The identification and characterization of bona fide abiotic stress signaling proteins can occur at different levels of the complete in vivo...
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Proteomics-based evaluation of the mechanism underlying vascular injury via DNA interstrand crosslinks, glutathione perturbation, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Wnt and ErbB signaling pathways induced by crotonaldehyde
Crotonaldehyde (CRA)—one of the major environmental pollutants from tobacco smoke and industrial pollution—is associated with vascular injury (VI)....
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, Plants, and Heat Stress
Being sessile by nature, every plant is constantly exposed to myriad of both abiotic and biotic stresses in their immediate environment. All these...
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Molecular genetics of genotoxic stress signalling in plants
Cells are under constant threat by endogenous and exogenous factors affecting DNA integrity. In response, complex signalling networks are activated...
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Plant responses to heat stress
The heat stress response is characterized by inhibition of normal transcription and translation, higher expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) and...
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Genome-wide identification, characterization and evolutionary analysis of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and sodium/hydrogen exchanger (NHX) genes in maize (Zea mays) under salt stress
Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase ( BADH ), mitogen-activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) and sodium/hydrogen exchanger ( NHX ) play important roles in the...
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response: emerging regulators in progression of traumatic brain injury
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common trauma with high mortality and disability rates worldwide. However, the current management of this disease...
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Overview of Cell Signaling Response Under Plant Stress
Abiotic stress due to unfavorable environment and biotic stress due to pathogenic microbes causes oxidative damage to cellular macromolecules such as...
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Activated Endothelium Stimulates the Activity of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells under Physiological Hypoxia or Short-Term Hypoxic Stress in vitro
AbstractMultipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are used for supplementary therapy of ischemic and inflammatory diseases. After systemic...
