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The meiotic topoisomerase VI B subunit (MTOPVIB) is essential for meiotic DNA double-strand break formation in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Key messageIn barley ( Hordeum vulgare ), MTOPVIB is critical for meiotic DSB and accompanied SC and CO formation while dispensable for meiotic...
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Asynapsis and unreduced gamete formation in a Trifolium interspecific hybrid
BackgroundUnreduced gametes, a driving force in the widespread polyploidization and speciation of flowering plants, occur relatively frequently in...
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Hornerin mediates phosphorylation of the polo-box domain in Plk1 by Chk1 to induce death in mitosis
The centrosome assembles a bipolar spindle for faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis. To prevent the inheritance of DNA damage, the DNA...
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Meiosis-specific cohesin complexes display essential and distinct roles in mitotic embryonic stem cell chromosomes
BackgroundCohesin is a chromosome-associated SMC–kleisin complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion, recombination, and most chromosomal...
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The non-Mendelian behavior of plant B chromosomes
B chromosomes, also known as supernumerary chromosomes, are dispensable elements in the genome of many plants, animals, and fungi. Many B chromosomes...
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Establishment and inheritance of minichromosomes from Arabidopsis haploid induction
Minichromosomes are small, sometimes circular, rearranged chromosomes consisting of one centromere and short chromosomal arms formed by treatments...
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Repair of DNA double-strand breaks in plant meiosis: role of eukaryotic RecA recombinases and their modulators
Homologous recombination during meiosis is crucial for the DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair that promotes the balanced segregation of...
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Effects of aneuploidy on cell behaviour and function
Aneuploidy, a genomic alternation characterized by deviations in the copy number of chromosomes, affects organisms from early development through to...
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Cytogenotoxic effects of 3-epicaryoptin in Allium cepa L. root apical meristem cells
Diterpenoid 3-epicaryoptin (C 26 H 36 O 9 ) is abundant in the leaves of Clerodendrum inerme , a traditionally used medicinal plant, and has insect...
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Comparison of meiotic transcriptomes of three maize inbreds with different origins reveals differences in cell cycle and recombination
BackgroundCellular events during meiosis can differ between inbred lines in maize. Substantial differences in the average numbers of chiasmata and...
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Special issue on “recent advances in meiosis from DNA replication to chromosome segregation”
Meiosis is the special division that produces haploid gametes, such as sperm and eggs. It involves a complex series of events that integrate large...
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NudCL2 is an Hsp90 cochaperone to regulate sister chromatid cohesion by stabilizing cohesin subunits
Sister chromatid cohesion plays a key role in ensuring precise chromosome segregation during mitosis, which is mediated by the multisubunit cohesin...
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The nature of meiotic chromosome dynamics and recombination in budding yeast
During meiosis, crossing over allows for the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, enabling their segregation and leading to genetic...
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Evolutionary pattern of karyotypes and meiosis in pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): implications for reconstructing chromosome evolution of araneomorph spiders
BackgroundDespite progress in genomic analysis of spiders, their chromosome evolution is not satisfactorily understood. Most information on spider...
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Plant Responses to Induced Genotoxicity and Oxidative Stress by Chemicals
In recent decades, the use of chemicals of anthropogenic activities such as agrochemicals, industrial and environmental chemicals, and nanoparticle...
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shani mutation in mouse affects splicing of Spata22 and leads to impaired meiotic recombination
Recombination is crucial for chromosome pairing and segregation during meiosis. SPATA22, along with its direct binding partner and functional...
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Evolution of the Allopolyploid Species of the Sub-tribe Triticineae
The chapter describes the mode, time, and place of origin of the allopolyploids of the genus Triticum. In addition, genetic and epigenetic changes...
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Apomixis: A Foresight from Genetic Mechanisms to Molecular Perspectives
Apomixis is considered to be a natural mode of clonal propogation from seed to seed, in which progeny serves as a replica of maternal genotype. The...
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Genotoxicity and DNA Damage Induced by Herbicides and Toxins in Plants
Genetic toxicology is a multidisciplinary field of research that explores the detection of harmful and defensive DNA compounds, the understanding of...
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Experimental Introgression from Nicotiana Species to Cultivated Tobacco
A number of breeding goals and strategies involving the use of different Nicotiana species can be envisaged. Yet it is only breeding for resistance...