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Mechanism of NAIP—NLRC4 inflammasome activation revealed by cryo-EM structure of unliganded NAIP5
The nucleotide-binding domain (NBD), leucine rich repeat (LRR) domain containing protein family (NLR family) apoptosis inhibitory proteins (NAIPs)...
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NAIP expression increases in a rat model of liver mass restoration
The neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) is a constituent of the NLRC4 inflammasome, which plays a key role in innate immunity, and an...
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Structural basis of the human NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome assembly and pathogen sensing
The NLR family caspase activation and recruitment domain-containing 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome is a critical cytosolic innate immune machine formed upon...
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Inducing Pyroptosis with FlaTox, RodTox, or NeedleTox
Targeted activation of the NAIP-NLRC4 inflammasome has proven very useful in the study of pyroptosis. FlaTox and derivative LFn-NAIP-ligand cytosolic...
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Lysosomal cathepsins act in concert with Gasdermin-D during NAIP/NLRC4-dependent IL-1β secretion
The NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome is classically associated with the detection of bacterial invasion to the cytosol. However, recent studies have...
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Exploiting bacterial-origin immunostimulants for improved vaccination and immunotherapy: current insights and future directions
Vaccination is a valid strategy to prevent and control newly emerging and reemerging infectious diseases in humans and animals. However, synthetic...
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Structural basis for specific flagellin recognition by the NLR protein NAIP5
The nucleotide-binding domain- and leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing proteins (NLRs) function as intracellular immune receptors to detect the...
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Sensing soluble uric acid by Naip1-Nlrp3 platform
Uric acid (UA), a product of purine nucleotide degradation able to initiate an immune response, represents a breakpoint in the evolutionary history...
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Sequence determinants of specific pattern-recognition of bacterial ligands by the NAIP–NLRC4 inflammasome
The NLR apoptosis inhibitory proteins (NAIPs) function as specific cytosolic receptors for bacterial ligands to form the NAIP–NLRC4 inflammasome for...
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The interaction of inflammasomes and gut microbiota: novel therapeutic insights
Inflammasomes are complex platforms for the cleavage and release of inactivated IL-1β and IL-18 cytokines that trigger inflammatory responses against...
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Extracellular vesicles of the probiotic bacteria E. coli O83 activate innate immunity and prevent allergy in mice
BackgroundE. coli O83 (Colinfant Newborn) is a Gram-negative (G-) probiotic bacterium used in the clinic. When administered orally, it reduces...
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Inflammasome activation and regulation: toward a better understanding of complex mechanisms
Inflammasomes are cytoplasmic multiprotein complexes comprising a sensor protein, inflammatory caspases, and in some but not all cases an adapter...
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DNA damage repair system in C57BL/6 J mice is evolutionarily stable
BackgroundDNA damage repair (DDR) system is vital in maintaining genome stability and survival. DDR consists of over 160 genes in 7 different...
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Molecular actions of NLR immune receptors in plants and animals
NLRs constitute intracellular immune receptors in both plants and animals. Direct or indirect ligand recognition results in formation of oligomeric...
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Recombinant Strains of Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus for Cancer Immunotherapy
AbstractCancer virotherapy is an alternative therapeutic approach based on the viruses that selectively infect and kill tumor cells. Vaccinia...
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Regulation of programmed cell death by Brd4
Epigenetic factor Brd4 has emerged as a key regulator of cancer cell proliferation. Targeted inhibition of Brd4 suppresses growth and induces...
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Toward targeting inflammasomes: insights into their regulation and activation
Inflammasomes are multi-component signaling complexes critical to the initiation of pyroptotic cell death in response to invading pathogens and...
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Conservation and similarity of bacterial and eukaryotic innate immunity
Pathogens are ubiquitous and a constant threat to their hosts, which has led to the evolution of sophisticated immune systems in bacteria, archaea...
