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Genomic and transcriptomic survey of bryozoan Hox and ParaHox genes with emphasis on phylactolaemate bryozoans
BackgroundBryozoans are mostly sessile aquatic colonial invertebrates belonging to the clade Lophotrochozoa, which unites many protostome bilaterian...
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Irreducible Complexity of Hox Gene: Path to the Canonical Function of the Hox Cluster
AbstractThe evolution of major taxa is often associated with the emergence of new gene families. In all multicellular animals except sponges and comb...
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Expression of posterior Hox genes and opisthosomal appendage development in a mygalomorph spider
Spiders represent an evolutionary successful group of chelicerate arthropods. The body of spiders is subdivided into two regions (tagmata). The...
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Upregulation of Hox genes leading to caste-specific morphogenesis in a termite
BackgroundIn social insects, interactions among colony members trigger caste differentiation with morphological modifications. In termite caste...
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The identification, adaptive evolutionary analyses and mRNA expression levels of homeobox (hox) genes in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis
BackgroundArthropods are the largest group in the animal kingdom and are morphologically characterized by heterorhythmic segments. Brachyuran decapod...
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Characterizing Hox genes in mayflies (Ephemeroptera), with Hexagenia limbata as a new mayfly model
BackgroundHox genes are key regulators of appendage development in the insect body plan. The body plan of mayfly (Ephemeroptera) nymphs differs due...
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Molecular implications of HOX genes targeting multiple signaling pathways in cancer
Homeobox ( HOX ) genes encode highly conserved homeotic transcription factors that play a crucial role in organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Their...
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A bioinformatics screen reveals hox and chromatin remodeling factors at the Drosophila histone locus
BackgroundCells orchestrate histone biogenesis with strict temporal and quantitative control. To efficiently regulate histone biogenesis, the...
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Polycomb group genes are required for neuronal pruning in Drosophila
BackgroundPruning that selectively eliminates unnecessary or incorrect neurites is required for proper wiring of the mature nervous system. During Drosophila...
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HOXA9 versus HOXB9; particular focus on their controversial role in tumor pathogenesis
The Homeobox (HOX) gene family is essential to regulating cellular processes because it maintains the exact coordination required for tissue...
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Lysine demethylase 7a regulates murine anterior-posterior development by modulating the transcription of Hox gene cluster
Temporal and spatial colinear expression of the Hox genes determines the specification of positional identities during vertebrate development....
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An atlas of spider development at single-cell resolution provides new insights into arthropod embryogenesis
Spiders are a diverse order of chelicerates that diverged from other arthropods over 500 million years ago. Research on spider embryogenesis,...
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Identifying key genes and functionally enriched pathways in acute myeloid leukemia by weighted gene co-expression network analysis
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid leukemia cells in the bone marrow and other hematopoietic...
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HOX gene cluster (de)regulation in brain: from neurodevelopment to malignant glial tumours
HOX genes encode a family of evolutionarily conserved homeodomain transcription factors that are crucial both during development and adult life. In...
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CRISPR/Cas9 and FLP-FRT mediated regulatory dissection of the BX-C of Drosophila melanogaster
The homeotic genes or Hox define the anterior–posterior (AP) body axis formation in bilaterians and are often present on the chromosome in an order...
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Identification and validation of the reference genes in the echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus based on transcriptome data
BackgroundReal-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a crucial and widely used method for gene expression analysis. Selecting suitable reference genes...
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A Micro-evolutionary Change in Target Binding Sites as a Key Determinant of Ultrabithorax Function in Drosophila
Hox genes encode Homeodomain-containing transcription factors, which specify segmental identities along the anterior–posterior axis. Functional...
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Genomic reconsideration of fish non-monophyly: why cannot we simply call them all ‘fish’?
Extant ‘fishes’ belong to jawless, cartilaginous, actinopterygian, or sarcopterygian fish lineages. They comprise a non-monophyletic group of...
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Hox gene expression during development of the phoronid Phoronopsis harmeri
BackgroundPhoronida is a small group of marine worm-like suspension feeders, which together with brachiopods and bryozoans form the clade...
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Genome-wide prediction and functional analysis of WOX genes in blueberry
BackgroundWOX genes are a class of plant-specific transcription factors. The WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) family is a member of the homeobox...
