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ADARs regulate cuticle collagen expression and promote survival to pathogen infection
BackgroundIn all organisms, the innate immune system defends against pathogens through basal expression of molecules that provide critical barriers...
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Alterations in Surface Structure and Chemical Composition of the Cuticle in Response to the ‘Star Russeting’ Skin Disorder in Persimmon (Diospyros kaki)
Persimmon ( Diospyros kaki ) fruits accumulate vitamins, carotenoids, flavonoids, and antioxidants in their skin tissues, and therefore, considered as...
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Differential regulation of triterpene biosynthesis induced by an early failure in cuticle formation in apple
Waxy apple cuticles predominantly accumulate ursane-type triterpenes, but the profile shifts with the induction of skin russeting towards lupane-type...
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Label-free Brillouin endo-microscopy for the quantitative 3D imaging of sub-micrometre biology
This report presents an optical fibre-based endo-microscopic imaging tool that simultaneously measures the topographic profile and 3D viscoelastic...
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Studies on the cuticle and musculature of freshwater mite, Unionicola aegyptiaca
BackgroundThe aquatic Acari are known as water mites and occupy a wide range of habitats. The freshwater mites, Unionicola aegyptiaca , were...
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Vascular bundle xylem water transport repression and cell anatomical structure differences may lead to berry cracking near the proximal end
Grape berries often crack near the proximal end, which may be related to water absorption and their cellular anatomical structure. To study the...
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Structure of the Hair of the Don Hare Lepus tanaiticus (Leporidae, Lagomorpha) First Found in Pleistocene Deposits in Yakutia, Russia
AbstractUsing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the external and internal structure of the hairs of an adult Pleistocene Don hare Lepus tanaiticus ...
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The function of wing bullae in mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) reveals new insights into the early evolution of Pterygota
BackgroundMayflies are basal winged insects of crucial importance for the understanding of the early evolution of Pterygota. Unlike all other...
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The role of tissue succulence in plant salt tolerance: an overview
Soil salinity seriously restricts agricultural production. Halophytes adapt to saline environments through several strategies, including leaf or stem...
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A corset function of exoskeletal ECM promotes body elongation in Drosophila
Body elongation is a general feature of development. Postembryonically, the body needs to be framed and protected by extracellular materials, such as...
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Osmotic Treatment for Quantifying Cell Wall Elasticity in the Sepal of Arabidopsis thaliana
Elastic properties of the cell wall play a key role in regulating plant growth and morphogenesis; however, measuring them in vivo remains a...
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Material gradients in gastropod radulae and their biomechanical significance: a combined approach on the paludomid Lavigeria grandis
The radula, a chitinous membrane spiked with teeth, is the molluscan autapomorphy for the gathering and processing of food. The teeth, as actual...
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Cuticular modified air sacs underlie white coloration in the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae
Here, the ultrastructure and development of the white patches on thorax and head of Bactrocera oleae are analysed using scanning electron microscopy,...
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Physico-mechanical properties of arc-laminated giant bamboo using thermally modified segments
The lamination of thermally modified giant bamboo [ Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.) Backer] arc segments was investigated. Two thermal modification...
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Jaw apparatus of Scoletoma fragilis (Lumbrineridae, Annelida): fine structure and growth
Representatives of Eunicida have the most complex jaw apparatus among the Annelida group. The general morphology of their jaws is well studied and is...
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Microstructure and mineralogy of the tube and operculum of serpulid polychaetes from temperate and warm waters
Serpulids are the only polychaetes in which all species secrete calcium carbonate tubes. Some serpulid lineages, such as species in the genus Spirobranchus...
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Functional morphology and biomechanics of arthropods
Representatives of arthropods, the largest animal phylum, occupy terrestrial, aquatic, arboreal, and subterranean niches. Their evolutionary success...
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How Can Spiders Grow Despite an Exoskeleton?
Spiders consist of a fore body with a hard outer exoskeleton and a soft, sac-like hind body. Rigid structures actually prevent the necessary body...