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Dynamics of Virulence of Commensals: Preventive Phenotypical Mutability
AbstractThe peculiarities of the influence of cytokines and metabolites of the systemic inflammatory reaction and stress-implementing and nutritional...
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Functional Role of Prebiotic Supplement in Brain Signalling
Prebiotics are a class of nutrients, typically non-digestible fibre compounds observed in food which may induce the growth of beneficial...
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Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Promotes Fracture Healing in Sympathectomized Mice
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) as a neuromodulator and neurotransmitter played a significant role in modulating bone homeostasis. Our previous...
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Enteric neuroanatomy and smooth muscle activity in the western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox)
BackgroundGastrointestinal (GI) functions are controlled by the enteric nervous system (ENS) in vertebrates, but data on snakes are scarce, as most...
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Hypothesis on the Endocrine System of the Brain: Evidence for the Regulated Delivery of Neurohormones from the Brain to the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Vice Versa in Neonatal and Prepubertal Periods of Ontogenesis
AbstractThe extensive information accumulated over the past few decades on the important role of cerebrospinal fluid in many physiological processes...
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Extracellular Calcium Contributes to Orexin-Induced Postsynaptic Excitation of the Rat Locus Coeruleus Neurons
Noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC) receive projection from hypothalamus orexinergic neurons and express orexin receptor type 1 (OXR1)....
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Neural Regulation of Cardiac Rhythm
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates cardiac function, including chronotropy, inotropy, lusitropy, and dromotropy. The cardiac nervous system...
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Cells of Cerebrovascular Endothelium and Perivascular Astroglia in the Regulation of Neurogenesis
AbstractThe blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a constellation of cells within the neurovascular unit of the brain that perform the barrier function, being...
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Clinical Pharmacology of Capsaicin, Its Synthetic and Semisynthetic Analogues
The spicy flavour of chilli pepper fruit comes from chemicals, called capsaicinoids. Capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin,...
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The Role of Neuro-Cardiac Junctions in Sympathetic Regulation of the Heart
AbstractOne of the important mechanisms of cardiac regulation is realized via sympathetic innervation of cardiac myocytes. Axons of the...
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The effect of substance P and its specific antagonist (aprepitant) on the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, and VEGFR in ovarian cancer cells
BackgroundSubstance P (SP) has a crucial role in cancer initiation and progression via binding to its specific receptor (NK1R). Various evidence...
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Salivary bacterial signatures in depression-obesity comorbidity are associated with neurotransmitters and neuroactive dipeptides
BackgroundDepression and obesity are highly prevalent, often co-occurring conditions marked by inflammation. Microbiome perturbations are implicated...
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Targeting phosphodiesterase 4 as a potential therapy for Parkinson’s disease: a review
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) have become a promising therapeutic target for various disorders. PDEs are a vast and diversified family of enzymes that...
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Integrated analysis of mRNAs and lncRNAs reveals candidate marker genes and potential hub lncRNAs associated with growth regulation of the Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas
BackgroundThe Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas , is an economically important shellfish around the world. Great efforts have been made to improve...
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Irreducible Complexity of Hox Gene: Path to the Canonical Function of the Hox Cluster
AbstractThe evolution of major taxa is often associated with the emergence of new gene families. In all multicellular animals except sponges and comb...
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The pharyngeal taste organ of a blood-feeding insect functions in food recognition
BackgroundObligate blood-feeding insects obtain the nutrients and water necessary to ensure survival from the vertebrate blood. The internal taste...
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Is Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone an Integrator of Prolactin- and Oxytocin-Dependent Processes in the Mammary Gland and Maternal Behavior of Lactating Mice?
AbstractBreastfeeding is a hallmark of mammals. The determination of the role of neuropeptides in the neuroendocrine regulation of mammary gland...
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Common immunopathogenesis of central nervous system diseases: the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis
There are hundreds of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, but there are few diseases for which the etiology or pathogenesis is understood as well...
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Planetary Metronome as a Regulator of Lifespan and Aging Rate: The Metronomic Hypothesis
AbstractA metronomic mechanism for the duration control of ontogenetic cycle periods of an animal is proposed. The components of the proposed...
