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Molecular-Genetic Level
Many problems of conservation occur at the molecular-genetic level of life systems. The elementary units at this level are genes represented by...
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Trichinella in Africa and the nelsoni affair
It used to be that the epidemiology of trichinosis, as generally understood, was fairly simple. There was one species of Trichinella, namely T....
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Small Mammals as Monitors of Environmental Contaminants
Many potentially harmful chemicals, both natural and anthropogenic, are released to the environment every year. Although chemical analyses of soil,...
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Problems at the Species-Population Level
A population is a basic elementary unit at the species-population level. In the sense of evolution genetics, as population is designated a minimum...
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Urban Commons
Ecologically one of the most significant recent events in towns has been the expansion of wasteland. These newly created areas principally occupy...
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The somatic chromosome complements of 16 species of falconiformes (Aves) and the karyological relationships of the order
Using short term leucocyte culture techniques, the somatic chromosome complements of 16 species of diurnal birds of prey, belonging to four different...
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Predator avoidance behaviour in the buffy-headed marmoset,Callithrix flaviceps
The predator avoidance behaviour of a free-ranging group of buffy-headed marmosets, Callithrix flaviceps , was recorded in detail during the course of...
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Seasonal variation of territory size with the Little Owl (Athene noctua)
In a population of Little Owls ( Athene noctua ) at the Lower Rhine (FRG), the factors were studied that influence the size and shape of territories of...
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The effects of nesting stage, sex, and type of predator on parental defense by killdeer (Charadrius vociferous): testing models of avian parental defense
Two models predicting the temporal patterns of parental investment in offspring defense over the nesting cycle were tested. The first is based on...
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Energy requirements of Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks
The energy requirements of Adélie penguin ( Pygoscelis adeliae ) chicks were analysed with respect to body mass (W, 0.145–3.35 kg, n =36) and various...
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External environment
Resources vary temporally and spatially in availability; patches of resources also differ in the same way within a habitat; and even habitats change...
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The Cost of Reproduction in Birds: Evaluating the Evidence from Manipulative and Non-Manipulative Studies
The cost of reproduction plays a pivotal role in theories of life history strategies (Cody 1966, Williams 1966, Charnov and Krebs 1974, Schaffer...
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Problems Inhibiting Energetic Analyses of Migration
A major goal of students of avian migration is to understand the suite of factors that has produced the impressive diversity of migratory patterns...
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The Orientation of Transoceanic Migrants
Land birds which migrate over oceans offer one of the rare opportunities in nature of testing the limits of avian orientation. Land birds, with a few...
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The risks of parenthood. I. General theory and applications
We use contemporary life history theory to analyze parental decisions concerned with the defense of offspring, and with the provisioning of offspring...
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Ecological Toxicology and Human Health Effects of Heptachlor
The chlorinated cyclodiene heptachlor was granted US registration as an agricultural and domestic insecticide in 1952. Through the mid-1960s, it was...
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Case Applications
A number of forensic and family relationship cases, as well as medical, animal science, wildlife poaching investigation, and plant science...
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Heat Increment of Feeding in the Kestrel, Falco tinnunculus, and its Natural Seasonal Variation
We measured the Heat Increment of Feeding (H) as the difference in oxygen consumption between the fed and fasting state in the kestrel at different...
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Landscape ecology of uncultivated lowlands in Central Spain
The relationship between groundwater and landscape in representative areas of the Spanish plateaux is discussed, with special attention given to the...