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The circadian clock has roles in mesenchymal stem cell fate decision
The circadian clock refers to the intrinsic biological rhythms of physiological functions and behaviours. It synergises with the solar cycle and has...
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Diagnostic Approach/Techniques
Macroscopic examination often reveals diagnostic, if not pathognomonicPathognomonic, evidence of specific diseases/pathology. Measurements obtained...
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Smoc1 and Smoc2 regulate bone formation as downstream molecules of Runx2
Runx2 is an essential transcription factor for bone formation. Although osteocalcin, osteopontin, and bone sialoprotein are well-known...
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Bone mineral density loci specific to the skull portray potential pleiotropic effects on craniosynostosis
Skull bone mineral density (SK-BMD) provides a suitable trait for the discovery of key genes in bone biology, particularly to intramembranous...
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Signaling network regulating osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells
Osteogenesis is an important developmental event that results in bone formation. Bone forming cells or osteoblasts develop from mesenchymal stem...
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Cumulative inactivation of Nell-1 in Wnt1 expressing cell lineages results in craniofacial skeletal hypoplasia and postnatal hydrocephalus
Upregulation of Nell-1 has been associated with craniosynostosis (CS) in humans, and validated in a mouse transgenic Nell-1 overexpression model....
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Induction of Noonan syndrome-specific human-induced pluripotent stem cells under serum-, feeder-, and integration-free conditions
Noonan syndrome is an autosomal dominant developmental disorder. Although it is relatively common, and its phenotypical variability is well...
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Rho A/ROCK1 signaling-mediated metabolic reprogramming of valvular interstitial cells toward Warburg effect accelerates aortic valve calcification via AMPK/RUNX2 axis
The aberrant differentiation of valvular interstitial cells (VICs) to osteogenic lineages promotes calcified aortic valves disease (CAVD), partly...
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HSPB7 regulates osteogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells via ERK signaling pathway
BackgroundHeat shock protein B7 ( HSPB7 ), which belongs to small heat shock protein family, has been reported to be involved in diverse biological...
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The enpp4 ectonucleotidase regulates kidney patterning signalling networks in Xenopus embryos
The enpp ectonucleotidases regulate lipidic and purinergic signalling pathways by controlling the extracellular concentrations of purines and...
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Evolution and expansion of the RUNX2 QA repeat corresponds with the emergence of vertebrate complexity
Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is critical for the development of the vertebrate bony skeleton. Unlike other RUNX family members, RUNX2...
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Regulatory role of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in odontogenic mineralization in rats
Much information is currently available for molecules in early odontogenesis, but there is limited knowledge regarding terminal cytodifferentiation...
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Molecular mechanisms underlying nucleotide repeat expansion disorders
The human genome contains over one million short tandem repeats. Expansion of a subset of these repeat tracts underlies over fifty human disorders,...
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Identification and characterization of differentially expressed exosomal microRNAs in bovine milk infected with Staphylococcus aureus
BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) in milk-derived exosomes may reflect pathophysiological changes caused by mastitis. This study profiled miRNAs in...
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Genotype–Phenotype Associations in 72 Adults with Suspected ALPL-Associated Hypophosphatasia
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare inborn error of metabolism due to a decreased activity of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP). As the...
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Cell signaling and transcriptional regulation of osteoblast lineage commitment, differentiation, bone formation, and homeostasis
The initiation of osteogenesis primarily occurs as mesenchymal stem cells undergo differentiation into osteoblasts. This differentiation process...
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Mutant Runx2 regulates amelogenesis and osteogenesis through a miR-185-5p-Dlx2 axis
Regulation of microRNAs (miRNA) has been extensively investigated in diseases; however, little is known about the roles of miRNAs in cleidocranial...
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Alkaline Phosphatase Replacement Therapy for Hypophosphatasia in Development and Practice
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an inherited disorder that affects bone and tooth mineralization characterized by low serum alkaline phosphatase. HPP is...
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Generation of cleidocranial dysplasia-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells in completely serum-, feeder-, and integration-free culture
Human pluripotent stem cells hold great promise for their practical and scientific potentials. To improve understanding of self-renewal and...
