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Degradation and Preservation of Organic Matter in Marine Sediments
Organic matter that is deposited in aquatic sediments is subject to an intense diagenetic reactor that determines how much organic carbon is...
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Transcriptome analysis in abiotic stress conditions in higher plants
Drought, high salinity, and low temperature are major environmental factors that limit plant productivity. Plants respond and adapt to these stresses...
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Signal transduction in plant cold acclimation
Temperate plants respond to low temperature by activating a cold acclimation program leading to enhanced tolerance to freezing temperatures. This...
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Sensors of abiotic stress in Synechocystis
Systematic mutagenesis of histidine kinases in combination with DNA microarray technology has allowed us to identify sensors for cold, hyperosmotic...
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Plant responses to heat stress
The heat stress response is characterized by inhibition of normal transcription and translation, higher expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) and...
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Abscisic acid signalling
Signalling of abscisic acid (ABA) in plants is characterized by an amazing number of secondary messengers that are part of the pathway or modulate...
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Plant salt tolerance
Soil salinity adversely affects crop productivity and quality. The success of breeding programs aimed at salinity tolerant crop varieties is limited...
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Biological Markers for Anoxia in the Photic Zone of the Water Column
In this chapter we review the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of anoxic conditions in the water column of past depositional systems...
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Controls on the Carbon Isotopic Compositions of Lipids in Marine Environments
Organic carbon isotopes have long been used to study modern and ancient biogeochemical processes. Controls on the isotopic composition of organic...
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Sources and Cycling of Organic Matter in the Marine Water Column
The organic carbon cycle operates on multiple time scales with a only small fraction of the global reservoir actively exchanged. For the marine...
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Molecular Tools for the Analysis of DNA in Marine Environments
In the last decade, microbial ecologists have increasingly applied molecular techniques to investigate microorganisms in natural environments. The...
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Atmospheric Transport of Terrestrial Organic Matter to the Sea
The transport of atmospheric particles with associated terrestrial organic matter to the oceans is an important process affecting various global...
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Molecular responses of higher plants to dehydration
A massive amount of data has been accumulating on the molecular responses of plants to water deficit. In plants, dehydration activates a protective...
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Heavy metal signalling in plants: linking cellular and organismic responses
Heavy metals are required in plants as essential micronutrients or act as toxic compounds. How do plants perceive heavy metals and which signalling...
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Introduction
Everywhere in the world, environmental stresses represent the most limiting factors for agricultural productivity. Besides plant-specific endogenous...
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Molecular genetics of genotoxic stress signalling in plants
Cells are under constant threat by endogenous and exogenous factors affecting DNA integrity. In response, complex signalling networks are activated...
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Oxidative stress signalling
Oxidative stress arises from an imbalance in the generation and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells. ROS are produced during...
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Sources and Fate of Organic Contaminants in the Marine Environment
The sources, levels, and fate of organic contaminants of major concern in the marine environment are reviewed. Spatial distributions among the...
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Lipid Markers for Marine Organic Matter
An astonishing variety of different lipids have been found in marine sediments and the water column attesting to the diversity of biosynthetic...
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Pigment Markers for Phytoplankton Production
Chlorophylls and carotenoids are commonly used as quantitative biomarkers for the composition and biomass of marine phytoplankton. This chapter...