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Introduction to Equilibrium
This chapter defines equilibrium in mixtures and ideal solutions and introduces the equilibrium constantEquilibrium constant, its relationship with...
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Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics
Statistical mechanics considers macroscopic systems that are governed by phenomenological laws such as the laws of thermodynamics or continuum...
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4 Maximum Entropy Production and Non-equilibrium Statistical Mechanics
Over the last 30 years empirical evidence in favour of the Maximum Entropy Production (MEP) principle for non-equilibrium systems has been...
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2 Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics in an Energy-Rich Universe
Free energy, the ability to do work, is the most universal currency known in the natural sciences. In an expanding, non-equilibrated Universe, it is...
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Non-equilibrium Statistical Mechanics
In this chapter we consider macroscopic systems that are not in equilibrium. Examples are fluids and gases as described by fluid dynamics, deformable...
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Stability analysis of unsaturated–saturated soil slopes under rainfall infiltration using the rigorous limit equilibrium method
The failure of soil slopes is usually triggered by rainfall infiltration. Under the rainfall infiltrating, soils transform from unsaturated state to...
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Equilibrium Beach Profile: La Garrofera Beach Case Study
The constructive and destructive forces acting on a beach profile influence the beach cross-shore profile. For an equilibrium profile, the response...
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Fast Gap-Filling of Massive Data by Local-Equilibrium Conditional Simulations on GPU
The ever-growing size of modern space–time data sets, such as those collected by remote sensing, requires new techniques for their efficient and...
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Study on Prediction Model of Calcium Carbonate Scaling Based on Three-Phase Equilibrium
Aiming at the problem of difficult scaling and high risk in experimental determination under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, a...
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Effect of equilibrium contact angle on water equilibrium film thickness for the carbon dioxide–brine–mineral system based on surface force theory
The thickness of the thin wetting film depends on disjoining pressure forces, and it evolves with pH evolution due to brine acidification at the...
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Personal emission permit trading scheme: urban spatial equilibrium and planning
This paper studies the effect of personal emission permit trading scheme as a policy to limit greenhouse gas emissions from commuting and housing....
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Stability of a numerical scheme for methane transport in hydrate zone under equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions
In this paper we carry out numerical analysis for a family of simplified gas transport models with hydrate formation and dissociation in subsurface,...
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Two Film Approach to Continuum Scale Mixing and Dispersion with Equilibrium Bimolecular Reaction
Reliable reactive transport models require careful separation of mixing and dispersion processes. Here we treat displacing and displaced fluids as...
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Lithospheric Equilibrium and Anisotropy around the 2021 Yangbi Ms 6.4 Earthquake in Yunnan, China
Using the gravity/GNSS data of 318 stations observed in 2020, this paper optimizes the Bouguer and free-air gravity anomalies around the 2021 Yangbi M ...
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Study of Influence of Combustion on Darcy–Bénard Convection with Inherent Local Thermal Non-equilibrium Between Phases
This work deals with a Darcy–Bénard convection problem in the presence of combustion and with local thermal non-equilibrium between the fluid and the...
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Sharp Instability Estimates for Bidisperse Convection with Local Thermal Non-equilibrium
AbstractWe analyse a theory for thermal convection in a Darcy porous material where the skeletal structure is one with macropores, but also cracks or...
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Mass-time equivalence in dynamic equilibrium systems
The truth of time has been debated for more than two centuries. Scientists like Leibniz, Einstein, Rowley, Wheeler and DeWitt believe that it is the...
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Slope stability analysis using kinematic, limit equilibrium, and finite element models at Dessie town, northern Ethiopia
Dessie town has faced slope instability problems for many decades. The main objective of this study is to conduct a detailed slope stability analysis...
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A new formula of recovery factor for non-equilibrium transport of graded suspended sediment in the Middle Yangtze River
Suspended sediment concentrations in the Middle Yangtze River (MYR) reduced greatly after the Three Gorges Project operation, causing the composition...
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Investigating the Economic Impacts of Inter-Basin Water Transfer Projects with a Water- Embedded Multi - Regional Computable General Equilibrium Approach
Inter-basin water transfer projects are among the highly controversial issues in water supply policies. These projects have economic effects on the...
