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In-situ observations reveal weak hygroscopicity in the Southern Tibetan Plateau: implications for aerosol activation and indirect effects
As a precursor process to cloud formation, aerosol activation over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays a pivotal role in regional cloud-precipitation and...
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Risk-Layering for Indirect Effects
Environmental risks are one of the greatest threats in the twenty-first century. Especially in the last years, the cascading impacts and risks...
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Impact of Inclusion of the Indirect Effects of Sulfate Aerosol on Radiation and Cloudiness in the INMCM Model
Abstract—The parameterization of aerosol–cloud interaction has been updated in the INMCM48 model by including the sulfate aerosol content. The impact...
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Probabilistic characterization of Brazilian tensile strength of rock from both direct and indirect measurements
The determination of Brazilian tensile strength (BTS) is an essential step in the analysis and design of mining structures at a particular site. The...
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Study on the size effect of rock under dynamic direct tension and indirect tension
To explore the size effect of dynamic tension on the mechanical properties of rocks, the Φ75mm SHTB and the Φ75mm SHPB test systems were used to test...
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Effects of a weak interlayer zone on the indirect tensile strength and failure characteristics of rock
Weak interlayer zones (WIZs) are widespread in rock masses. Due to their relatively poor mechanical properties, they poses a potential threat to the...
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Consideration of the Accuracy of Empirical and Indirect Laboratory Methods for the Characterisation of Tension Strength
This research explores the results of the most common laboratory based indirect tension strength methods over the range of UCS strengths 0.1 MPa...
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Direct/indirect effects of aerosols and their separate contributions to Typhoon Lupit (2009): Eyewall versus peripheral rainbands
As a typhoon approaches the continent, the position where anthropogenic aerosols penetrate, the convection competition between the eyewall and...
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Indirect effect of diabatic heating on Mei-yu frontogenesis
Mei-yu fronts are accompanied with the formation of frontal clouds. In addition to its direct effect on Mei-yu fronts through the modification of...
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Indirect tensile test modelling for inhomogeneous rock samples using digital image processing
The behavior of rock under different loading conditions is very important for the stability analysis and safety measures taken in mining engineering....
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Combined algorithms of high-frequency topographical effects for the boundary-value problems based on Helmert's second condensation method
The Helmert’s second condensation method is usually used to condense the topographical masses outside the boundary surface in the determination of...
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Assessment of business interruption time due to direct and indirect effects of the Chiapas earthquake on September 7th 2017
After an earthquake, a business often stops operating temporarily or permanently due to direct effects on the building (Initial security protocols...
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Estimating the direct tensile strength of rocks from indirect tests
Within the scope of this study, a series of experimental, numerical and statistical analyses were performed in order to find the coefficients that...
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Untapped Knowledge about Water Reuse: the Roles of Direct and Indirect Educational Messaging
Public awareness of water quality concerns has increased since the Flint, MI crisis, but knowledge about water resources management remains low....
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Direct and indirect evidence of pre-seismic electromagnetic emissions associated with two large earthquakes in Japan
Electromagnetic emissions (EMEs) associated with earthquake (EQ) epicenters are found to be one of the most reliable phenomena for the short-term...
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Effect of an Inflating/Deflating Magma Chamber on a Nearby Earthquake Fault Using the Indirect Boundary Integral Method
The deformation and stress fields due to a three-dimensional, pressurized magma chamber are computed using the Indirect Boundary Integral Method...
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Assessing indirect economic losses of landslides along highways
Landslides along highways not only induce direct losses related to cost of replacement, repair or maintenance due to physical damage, but also induce...
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Climate Change Effects on Debris Flows
In mountain areas with human infrastructure, debris flows are a curse. They are abundant and dreaded as they arrive, usually without warning, and...
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Relationships between empirical damage and direct/indirect costs for the assessment of seismic loss scenarios
The definition of relationships between damage and losses is a crucial aspect for the prediction of seismic effects and the development of reliable...
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Study on indirect economic impacts and their causes of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake
In terms of events that undermine economic growth, the impact of natural disasters is huge and inevitable. Taking the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake as the...
