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Spatio-temporal variability of atmospheric rivers and associated atmospheric parameters in the Euro-Atlantic region
We study the spatio-temporal variability of Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) and associated integrated water vapor and atmospheric parameters over the...
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Atmospheric Moisture
Along with energy and motion, moisture is an essential ingredient in creating weather and climate. This chapter reviews several of the many variables...
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The Polluted Boundary Layer
The goals of this chapter are to quantify the degree to which aerosol pollution alters properties of the boundary layer and to understand the...
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Increasing heat and rainfall extremes now far outside the historical climate
Over the last decade, the world warmed by 0.25 °C, in-line with the roughly linear trend since the 1970s. Here we present updated analyses showing...
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Climate change attribution of the 2021 Henan extreme precipitation: Impacts of convective organization
In this study, we investigate the climate attribution of the 21·7 Henan extreme precipitation event. A conditional storyline attribution method is...
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Aridity and desertification in the Mediterranean under EURO-CORDEX future climate change scenarios
This study investigates future aridity changes in the Mediterranean under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 IPCC future climate scenarios, using nine...
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Application of the ITA approach to analyze spatio-temporal trends in monthly maximum rainfall categories in the Vu Gia-Thu Bon, Vietnam
This study aims to investigate the trend behavior of monthly maximum in daily rainfall categories in the Vu Gia-Thu Bon river basin located in...
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9 Water Vapor and Entropy Production in the Earth’s Atmosphere
This chapter investigates the production of entropy by moist processes in the Earth’s climate system. The atmospheric circulation can be considered...
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Early Eocene low orography and high methane enhance Arctic warming via polar stratospheric clouds
Proxy data suggest that the early Eocene (∼56–47.8 million years ago) was characterized by a much weaker equator-to-pole temperature gradient than...
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Long-term trends in atmospheric rivers over East Asia
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) play an important role in the climate of East Asia due to their close linkage to precipitation extremes. In this study,...
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Effect of eastward shift of North Pacific Oscillation on the wind-evaporation-SST feedback
The North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) serves as a pivotal atmospheric circulation pattern within the North Pacific. It has a considerable influence on...
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Exploring the relationship between SPI and SPEI in a warming world
Over the last 50 years, global air temperature has increased substantially especially over continents, causing higher rates of evaporative demand...
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The impact of a uniform ocean warming on the West African monsoon
Projections of West African Monsoon (WAM) precipitation are uncertain. To address this, an improved understanding of the mechanisms driving WAM...
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Anthropogenic warming disrupts intraseasonal monsoon stages and brings dry-get-wetter climate in future East Asia
East Asia will face a skewed monsoon cycle with soaring flood, drought, and weather whiplash risks in a warming climate. In our objective...
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Hydrous peridotitic fragments of Earth’s mantle 660 km discontinuity sampled by a diamond
The internal structure and dynamics of Earth have been shaped by the 660 km boundary between the mantle transition zone and lower mantle. However,...
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Clouds and Precipitation
Clouds are a visible manifestation of condensation or deposition in the atmosphere comprising suspended water droplets and ice crystals (Wang 2013)....
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The response of warm-season precipitation extremes in China to global warming: an observational perspective from radiosonde measurements
Consensus has been reached that precipitation extremes vary proportionally with global warming. Nevertheless, the underlying cause and magnitude of...
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The variabilities of convective precipitation and large-scale precipitation in southern China for the period 1980–2020
In this paper, the spatial and temporal characteristics of convective precipitation (CP) and large-scale precipitation (LSP) in southern China during...
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Uncertain role of clouds in sha** summertime atmosphere-sea ice connections in reanalyses and CMIP6 models
Downwelling longwave radiation (DLR) driven by the atmospheric and cloud conditions in the troposphere is suggested to be a dominant factor to...
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Rainfall intensification amplifies exposure of American Southwest to conditions that trigger postfire debris flows
Short-duration, high-intensity rainfall can initiate deadly and destructive debris flows after wildfire. Methods to estimate the conditions that can...
