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Thickness and refractive index of DPPC and DPPE monolayers by multiple-beam interferometry
The thickness and refractive index of 1,2-dipalmitoyl- sn -glycero-3-phosphatidyl choline (DPPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl- sn -glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine...
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Size does matter! Label-free detection of small molecule–protein interaction
This review is focused on methods for detecting small molecules and, in particular, the characterisation of their interaction with natural proteins...
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Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy on Polymer Blends
In this chapter broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) is employed to polymeric blend systems. In its modern form BDS can cover an extraordinary...
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P3HT-Based Solar Cells: Structural Properties and Photovoltaic Performance
Each year we are bombarded with B.Sc. and Ph.D. applications from students that want to improve the world. They have learned that their future...
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Indicators for optical oxygen sensors
Continuous monitoring of oxygen concentration is of great importance in many different areas of research which range from medical applications to...
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Soil
The pedosphere is the total surficial layer of the earth that consists of soil and which has complex and dynamic interactive linkages with the...
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Indicators for optical oxygen sensors
Continuous monitoring of oxygen concentration is of great importance in many different areas of research which range from medical applications to...
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Ionophore-Based ISEs
This chapter describes ISEs with membranes based on ionophores. Ionophores are organic lipophilic substances which selectively bind ions. The nature...
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Ultrafiltration in Food Processing Industry: Review on Application, Membrane Fouling, and Fouling Control
Ultrafiltration process has been applied widely in food processing industry for the last 20 years due to its advantages over conventional separation...
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4 Electrochemistry of Biomimetic Membranes
Biological membranes are by far the most important electrified interfaces in living systems. They consist of a bimolecular layer of lipids (the lipid...
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Measurement techniques and application of electrical properties for nondestructive quality evaluation of foods—a review
Non-destructive systems are recent trends for quality evaluation of fruits and vegetables. Information on post-harvest variations in electrical...
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Biosensors for Diagnostic Applications
Biosensors combine a transducer with a biorecognition element and thus are able to transform a biochemical event on the transducer surface directly...
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Miscellaneous Techniques
Nondestructive way of determining the food quality is the need of the hour. Till now major methods such as colour measurements and their modeling;...
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Chemometrics-based Approach to Enhancing the Usefulness of Time Domain Reflectometry in Investigating Properties of Granular Materials
Sets of time domain reflectometry waveforms analyzed with appropriate chemometric methods, instead of typical single waveform analysis, enable one to...
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Neutron Reflectometry on Interfacial Structures of the Thin Films of Polymer and Lipid
Neutron reflectometry is a very powerful and essential technique for the studies on material interfaces due to its high spatial resolution, ∼a few...
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Electrochromic materials from the visible to the infrared region: an example WO3
Herein, the example of the most typical electrochromic material, namely WO 3 , is used to illustrate the potential of electrochromic materials for...
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Structure Determination in Thin Film Geometry Using Grazing Incidence Small-Angle Scattering
In the thin film geometry reflectivity measurements are a widespread technique to determine the density profile perpendicular to the sample surface....
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Strategies for Label-Free Optical Detection
A large number of methods using direct detection with label-free systems are known. They compete with the well-introduced fluorescence-based...
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Probing biological interfaces by tracing proton passage across them
The properties of water at the surface, especially at an electrically charged one, differ essentially from those in the bulk phase. Here we survey...