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Eradicating the tumor “seeds”: nanomedicines-based therapies against cancer stem cells
ObjectivesCancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subpopulation of cells with high tumorigenesis and strong intrinsic drug resistance, exhibit self-renewal...
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Amplifying gene expression with RNA-targeted therapeutics
Many diseases are caused by insufficient expression of mutated genes and would benefit from increased expression of the corresponding protein....
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Modification of Extracellular Vesicle Surfaces: An Approach for Targeted Drug Delivery
AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are a promising drug delivery vehicle candidate because of their natural origin and intrinsic function of...
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Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles for microRNA delivery in cancer treatment
Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs) are natural nanocarriers and effective delivery systems for plant microRNAs (miRNAs). These...
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Blood Interactions with Nanoparticles During Systemic Delivery
In the preceding chapter, different physiological, chemical, and bio-chemical barriers in systemic drug delivery have been introduced. In this...
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The Mechanism of Nano-drug Delivery
Most conventional drugs accumulate in non-target areas in the body of patients and are responsible for adverse side effects due to poor solubility...
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Using Planar Phi29 pRNA Three-Way Junction to Control Size and Shape of RNA Nanoparticles for Biodistribution Profiling in Mice
RNA is rapidly emerging as a versatile building block for nanoparticle assembly due to its simplicity in base pairing, while exhibiting diversity in...
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Emerging Therapeutic Approaches to Overcome Breast Cancer Endocrine Resistance
Antiestrogen therapies have been a staple treatment option for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer patients for many decades, but...
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Estrogen receptor coactivator Mediator Subunit 1 (MED1) as a tissue-specific therapeutic target in breast cancer
Breast cancer, one of the most frequent cancer types, is a leading cause of death in women worldwide. Estrogen receptor (ER) a is a nuclear hormone...
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Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in head and neck cancer and glioblastoma—backbone or add-on in immune-oncology?
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) control the cell cycle and play a crucial role in oncogenesis. Pharmacologic inhibition of CDK has contributed to the...
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Fabrication of Electrochemical-Based Bioelectronic Device and Biosensor Composed of Biomaterial-Nanomaterial Hybrid
The field of bioelectronics has paved the way for the development of biochips, biomedical devices, biosensors and biocomputation devices. Various...
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MCT-1/miR-34a/IL-6/IL-6R signaling axis promotes EMT progression, cancer stemness and M2 macrophage polarization in triple-negative breast cancer
BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a poor prognostic breast cancer with the highest mutations and limited therapeutic choices....
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Assembling RNA Nanoparticles
RNA nanoparticles are designed and self-assembled according to noncanonical interactions of naturally conserved RNA motifs and/or canonical...
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Evaluation of Thermal Stability of RNA Nanoparticles by Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (TGGE) in Native Condition
Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) is a powerful tool used to analyze the thermal stabilities of nucleic acids. While TGGE is a...
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Multifunctional Nanoprobes for Theranostics of Gastric Cancer
Gastric cancer therapeutic strategies still focus on early diagnosis and operation therapy, enhanced immunotherapy, and killing gastric cancer stem...
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Oligonucleotide Therapeutics as a New Class of Drugs for Malignant Brain Tumors: Targeting mRNAs, Regulatory RNAs, Mutations, Combinations, and Beyond
Malignant brain tumors are rapidly progressive and often fatal owing to resistance to therapies and based on their complex biology, heterogeneity,...
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Pharmaceutical microscale and nanoscale approaches for efficient treatment of ocular diseases
Efficient treatment of ocular diseases can be achieved thanks to the proper use of ophthalmic formulations based on emerging pharmaceutical...
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Ocular Delivery of pRNA Nanoparticles: Distribution and Clearance After Subconjunctival Injection
PurposeRNA nanoparticles derived from the three-way junction (3WJ) of the pRNA of bacteriophage phi29 DNA packaging motor were previously found to be...
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Aptamers as targeted therapeutics: current potential and challenges
Nucleic acid aptamers, often termed 'chemical antibodies', are functionally comparable to traditional antibodies, but offer several advantages,...
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RNA interference approaches for treatment of HIV-1 infection
HIV/AIDS is a chronic and debilitating disease that cannot be cured with current antiretroviral drugs. While combinatorial antiretroviral therapy...
