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From dysbiosis to defense: harnessing the gut microbiome in HIV/SIV therapy
BackgroundAlthough the microbiota has been extensively associated with HIV pathogenesis, the majority of studies, particularly those using omics...
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Dysbiosis of a microbiota–immune metasystem in critical illness is associated with nosocomial infections
Critically ill patients in intensive care units experience profound alterations of their gut microbiota that have been linked to a high risk of...
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Metabolic and inflammatory perturbation of diabetes associated gut dysbiosis in people living with and without HIV infection
BackgroundGut dysbiosis has been linked with both HIV infection and diabetes, but its interplay with metabolic and inflammatory responses in...
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Darier’s disease exhibits a unique cutaneous microbial dysbiosis associated with inflammation and body malodour
BackgroundDarier’s disease (DD) is a genodermatosis caused by mutations of the ATP2A2 gene leading to disrupted keratinocyte adhesion. Recurrent...
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A metagenomic study of gut viral markers in amyloid-positive Alzheimer’s disease patients
BackgroundMounting evidence suggests the involvement of viruses in the development and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, there remains...
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Mouse mammary tumor virus is implicated in severity of colitis and dysbiosis in the IL-10−/− mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease
BackgroundFollowing viral infection, genetically manipulated mice lacking immunoregulatory function may develop colitis and dysbiosis in a...
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Genetic Alterations and Microbial Dysbiosis Underlie Lymph Node Metastasis in Tongue Cancer
Oral cancer presents a significant clinical challenge due to the presence of hidden lymph node metastases, which greatly influence treatment...
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Multi-omics reveal mechanisms of high enteral starch diet mediated colonic dysbiosis via microbiome-host interactions in young ruminant
BackgroundAlthough rumen development is crucial, hindgut undertakes a significant role in young ruminants’ physiological development. High-starch...
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A multi-omic analysis reveals the esophageal dysbiosis as the predominant trait of eosinophilic esophagitis
BackgroundEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated rare disease, characterized by esophageal dysfunctions. It is likely to be...
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The lung–gut axis during viral respiratory infections: the impact of gut dysbiosis on secondary disease outcomes
Bacteria that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract are essential for good health. The gut microbiota has a critical role in pulmonary immunity...
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Genetic Alterations and Microbial Dysbiosis Underlie Lymph Node Metastasis in Tongue Cancer
Oral cancer presents a significant clinical challenge due to the presence of hidden lymph node metastases, which greatly influence treatment...
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Cannabinoids modulate the microbiota–gut–brain axis in HIV/SIV infection by reducing neuroinflammation and dysbiosis while concurrently elevating endocannabinoid and indole-3-propionate levels
BackgroundAlthough the advent of combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) has transformed HIV into a manageable chronic disease, an estimated...
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Dysbiosis of vaginal microbiota associated with persistent high-risk human papilloma virus infection
BackgroundThe status of vaginal microbiota in persistent high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) infection is unclear. The present work aimed to...
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Chronic Opioid Administration is Associated with Prevotella-dominated Dysbiosis in SIVmac251 Infected, cART-treated Macaques
AbstractPeople living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an elevated risk of opioid misuse due to both prescriptions for HIV-associated...
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Unique microbial landscape in the human oropharynx during different types of acute respiratory tract infections
BackgroundSecondary bacterial infections and pneumonia are major mortality causes of respiratory viruses, and the disruption of the upper respiratory...
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Opioid Use, Gut Dysbiosis, Inflammation, and the Nervous System
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is defined as the chronic use or misuse of prescribed or illicitly obtained opioids and is characterized by clinically...
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Immunity to Viral Pathogens and the Virome
In this chapter, we will focus on virus infections and understand how our immune system is combating them. First, we will discuss the principles of...
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Intestinal epithelial cell metabolism at the interface of microbial dysbiosis and tissue injury
The intestinal epithelium represents the most regenerative tissue in the human body, located in proximity to the dense and functionally diverse...
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The interplay between human papillomavirus and vaginal microbiota in cervical cancer development
Over the past few decades, we have grown accustomed to the idea that human papillomavirus can cause tumors. The genetic and environmental factors...
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Dynamics of Respiratory Microbiome Profiles Contributes to Imbalance and Lung Dysbiosis in the Respiratory Tract
Lungs and the other regions of respiratory tract are not sterile. Respiratory system consists of separate and balanced microbial communities called...