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iAstrocytes do not restrain T cell proliferation in vitro
The cross-talk between T cells and astrocytes occurring under physiological and, even more, neuroinflammatory conditions may profoundly impact the...
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Cluster analysis of splenocyte microRNAs in the pig reveals key signal regulators of immunomodulation in the host during acute and chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection
BackgroundToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that can cause a geographically widespread zoonosis. Our previous...
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Analysis of spleen histopathology, splenocyte composition and haematological parameters in four strains of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei K173
BackgroundMalaria is a fatal disease that presents clinically as a continuum of symptoms and severity, which are determined by complex host-parasite...
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Methods to Study TLRs in Transplantation
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key regulators of immune responses, including alloimmune responses. In this chapter, we present protocols to study... -
Dissolving Microneedle Arrays as a Hepatitis B Vaccine Delivery System Adjuvanted by APC-Targeted Poly (Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) Nanoparticles
The objective of this study is to develop a new hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) delivery system by coating soluble microneedle arrays with...
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Stellate Ganglion Block Improves the Proliferation and Function of Splenic CD4 + T Cells Through Inhibition of Posthemorrhagic Shock Mesenteric Lymph–Mediated Autophagy
Severe hemorrhagic shock leads to excessive inflammation and immune dysfunction, which results in high mortality related to mesenteric lymph return....
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Enforced mesenchymal stem cell tissue colonization counteracts immunopathology
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are distributed within all tissues of the body. Though best known for generating connective tissue and bone,...
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Immunotherapeutic effects of intratumorally injected Zymosan-Adenovirus conjugates encoding constant active IRF3 in a melanoma mouse model
M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a significant role in immunosuppressive conditions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). TAM...
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RelB regulates the homeostatic proliferation but not the function of Tregs
BackgroundRelB, a member of the NF-κB family, plays a critical role in the development of T cells. However, the role of RelB in Foxp3 + regulatory T...
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Evaluation of the Suppressive Capacity of Regulatory T Cells in Food Allergy Research
Regulatory T cells (Treg) exert a crucial role in the suppression of exacerbated T helper (Th) cell responses, including those of type 2 Th (Th2)... -
Evaluation of immunomodulatory effects of co-culture or supernatant of dexamethasone or IFN-γ-treated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on spleen mononuclear cells
Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have exhibited promising immunomodulatory potential in preclinical studies, clinical studies have revealed...
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Arginine-linked HPV-associated E7 displaying bacteria-derived outer membrane vesicles as a potent antigen-specific cancer vaccine
BackgroundBacteria-based cancer therapy have demonstrated innovative strategies to combat tumors. Recent studies have focused on gram-negative...
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Development of fast-dissolving sublingual nanofibers containing allergen and curcumin for immune response modulation in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis
Curcumin (CUR) has been considered a potential therapeutic agent for allergic reactions due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities....
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TPN10475 Constrains Effector T Lymphocytes Activation and Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Pathogenesis by Facilitating TGF-β Signal Transduction
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) mediated by immune cells, in which auto-reactive...
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A polyvalent virosomal influenza vaccine induces broad cellular and humoral immunity in pigs
BackgroundInfluenza A virus (IAV) is endemic in pigs globally and co-circulation of genetically and antigenically diverse virus lineages of subtypes...
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An epicutaneous therapeutic pollen-allergen extract delivery system in an allergic rhinitis mouse model: based on allergen loading on DC-specific aptamers conjugated nanogolds
BackgroundGold nanoparticles (GNPs) have previously been suggested as appropriate carriers for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). In this study,...
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Temporal dynamics and genomic programming of plasma cell fates
Affinity-matured plasma cells (PCs) of varying lifespans are generated through a germinal center (GC) response. The developmental dynamics and...
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Cladribine treatment improves cortical network functionality in a mouse model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis
BackgroundCladribine is a synthetic purine analogue that interferes with DNA synthesis and repair next to disrupting cellular proliferation in...
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Proliferative Activity of Mouse Splenocytes in Physiological Pregnancy and in Models of Spontaneous and Muramylpeptide-Dependent Abortions
Spontaneous proliferative activity of splenocytes in female CBA mice and the response of these cells to antigens of allogeneic male BALB/c and DBA/2...
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Ex Vivo and In Vitro Methods for Detection of Bioactive Staphylococcal Enterotoxins
Staphylococcus aureus is a major bacterial cause of clinical infections and foodborne illnesses. Through the synthesis of a group of Staphylococcal...