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Novel ollusvirus detected in a solitary wild bee species (Osmia taurus) in Japan
Pathogens of wild bees in Japan remain largely unknown. We examined viruses harbored by solitary wild Osmia bees, including Osmia cornifrons and Osmia...
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Neotropical bee microbiomes point to a fragmented social core and strong species-level effects
BackgroundIndividuals that band together create new ecological opportunities for microorganisms. In vertical transmission, theory predicts a...
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Improving bee health through genomics
Declines in bee populations across the world threaten food security and ecosystem function. It is currently not possible to routinely predict which...
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First detection of Lake Sinai virus in the Czech Republic: a potential member of a new species
Lake Sinai virus (LSV) is one of over 20 honey bee viruses. Variants of LSV have been classified as members of two officially recognised species, Lake...
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Strain-level analysis reveals the vertical microbial transmission during the life cycle of bumblebee
BackgroundMicrobial acquisition and development of the gut microbiota impact the establishment of a healthy host-microbes symbiosis. Compared with...
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Nosema apis and N. ceranae Infection in Honey bees: A Model for Host-Pathogen Interactions in Insects
There has been increased focus on the role of microbial attack as a potential cause of recent declines in the health of the western honey bee, Apis... -
Nationwide genomic surveillance reveals the prevalence and evolution of honeybee viruses in China
BackgroundThe economic and environmental value of honeybees has been severely challenged in recent years by the collapse of their colonies worldwide,...
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Development of a TaqMan qPCR assay for trypanosomatid multi-species detection and quantification in insects
BackgroundTrypanosomatid parasites are widely distributed in nature and can have a monoxenous or dixenous life-cycle. These parasites thrive in a...
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Viruses that affect Argentinian honey bees (Apis mellifera)
Beekee** is a widespread activity in Argentina, mainly producing honey that has gained both national and international recognition. There are more...
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Molecular identification of Stylops advarians (Strepsiptera: Stylopidae) in western Canada
Strepsiptera are an enigmatic order of insects with extreme sexual dimorphism which makes it difficult to “match-up” free-living adult males with...
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Peptidomic analysis of the venom of the solitary bee Xylocopa appendiculata circumvolans
BackgroundAmong the hymenopteran insect venoms, those from social wasps and bees – such as honeybee, hornets and paper wasps – have been well...
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Fundamental Physical Forces, Genes, and Epigenetics
Entropy, the moveEpigenetics toward a uniformly disordered state, is more consonant with differentiation and raises whether an opposing force... -
Wild bees and their nests host Paenibacillus bacteria with functional potential of avail
BackgroundIn previous studies, the gram-positive firmicute genus Paenibacillus was found with significant abundances in nests of wild solitary bees. P...
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Animal Behavior: An Introduction
Different life forms exhibit differences in their behavior ranging from the feeding, mating, locomotion, singing, social behavior. While factors... -
Therapeutic potential of antimicrobial peptides against pathogenic protozoa
Protozoal infections cause significant morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. The use of several antiprotozoal drugs is associated with...
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Eusociality
The basic concept of social inequality is the main driver of the present book since it implies some form of dominance, as much as the latter concept... -
Darwinian Evolutionary Theory
DarwinDarwin hypothesized that group selectionGroup selection occurs when the benefits of cooperationCooperation between subpopulations are greater... -
How to Build Parietal Lobes
The parietal lobe lies behind the central sulcus, a markedly deep neural fissure separating the touchy-feely somatosensory cortices of parietal lobes... -
Neonicotinoids: mechanisms of systemic toxicity based on oxidative stress-mitochondrial damage
Neonicotinoids are the most widely used pesticides in the world. However, research studies have shown that it can affect the cognitive abilities and...
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Outcrossing rates in an experimentally admixed population of self-compatible and self-incompatible Arabidopsis lyrata
The transition to self-compatibility from self-incompatibility is often associated with high rates of self-fertilization, which can restrict gene...