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ENPP1 inhibits the transcription activity of the hepatitis B virus pregenomic promoter by upregulating the acetylation of LMNB1
Current therapies for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can slow disease progression but cannot cure the infection, as it is difficult to eliminate...
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DNA topoisomerase 1 represses HIV-1 promoter activity through its interaction with a guanine quadruplex present in the LTR sequence
BackgroundOnce integrated in the genome of infected cells, HIV-1 provirus is transcribed by the cellular transcription machinery. This process is...
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miR-HCC2 suppresses hepatitis B virus replication by inhibiting the activity of the enhancer I/X promoter
miR-HCC2 has been reported to markedly promote the growth, metastasis, and stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in vitro and in vivo ....
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Subfamily-specific differential contribution of individual monomers and the tether sequence to mouse L1 promoter activity
BackgroundThe internal promoter in L1 5’UTR is critical for autonomous L1 transcription and initiating retrotransposition. Unlike the human genome,...
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Pan cancer characterization of genes whose expression has been associated with LINE-1 antisense promoter activity
BackgroundLong interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) comprises 17% of the human genome. As the only autonomous and active retrotransposons,...
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RNA sensor MDA5 suppresses LINE-1 retrotransposition by regulating the promoter activity of LINE-1 5′-UTR
BackgroundType 1 long interspersed elements, or LINE-1, are the only retroelements that replicate autonomously in human cells. The retrotransposition...
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LINC02154 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by enhancing SPC24 promoter activity and activating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway
BackgroundAbnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been associated with the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma...
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A single-cell massively parallel reporter assay detects cell-type-specific gene regulation
Massively parallel reporter gene assays are key tools in regulatory genomics but cannot be used to identify cell-type-specific regulatory elements...
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Split-Luciferase Complementation Imaging Assay in Virus–Plant Interactions
Protein−protein interactions constitute the interface between a virus and the cell it infects and are crucial determinants of the outcome of the...
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Epigenetic regulation of 15-lipoxygenase-1 expression in human chondrocytes by promoter methylation
Objective and design15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) catalyzes the biosynthesis of many anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory lipid mediators and was...
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BDNF exon IV promoter methylation and antidepressant action: a complex interplay
BackgroundBDNF exon IV promoter methylation is a potential biomarker for treatment response to antidepressants in MDD. We have previously shown...
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Protein–Protein Interaction via Two-Hybrid Assay in Yeast
The yeast two-hybrid assay enables detecting interactions between proteins, which makes this tool of particular interest for plant–virus interaction...
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Peptide YY inhibits transcription and replication of hepatitis B virus by suppressing promoter/enhancer activity
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a noteworthy cause of liver diseases, especially cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinomas. However, the...
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Characterization of DNA methylation and promoter activity of long terminal repeat elements of feline endogenous retrovirus RDRS C2a
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are genomic elements derived from retroviral infections in ancestral germ lines. Most ERVs are inactivated by genetic...
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A type 1 immunity-restricted promoter of the IL−33 receptor gene directs antiviral T-cell responses
The pleiotropic alarmin interleukin-33 (IL-33) drives type 1, type 2 and regulatory T-cell responses via its receptor ST2. Subset-specific...
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Transcriptional Inhibition of the Mecp2 Promoter by MeCP2E1 and MeCP2E2 Isoforms Suggests Negative Auto-Regulatory Feedback that can be Moderated by Metformin
The epigenetic factor Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 (MeCP2) is a nuclear protein that binds methylated DNA molecules (both 5-methylcytosine and...
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Murine Embryonic Stem Cells as Platform for Toxicity Studies: Use of Human Survivin Promoter with Green Fluorescent Protein Reporter for High-Throughput Screening
Embryonic and fetal development is a complicated process regulated by many signaling pathways and transcriptional factors that can be negatively...
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Enhancer–promoter specificity in gene transcription: molecular mechanisms and disease associations
Although often located at a distance from their target gene promoters, enhancers are the primary genomic determinants of temporal and spatial...
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Enhancer–promoter interactions become more instructive in the transition from cell-fate specification to tissue differentiation
To regulate expression, enhancers must come in proximity to their target gene. However, the relationship between the timing of enhancer–promoter...
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Measuring Mutator Enzyme Activity Using an E. coli-Based Colony Formation Assay
Mutator enzymes alter the nucleotide sequences of DNA or RNA molecules; immune systems utilize them to destroy the integrity of pathogen genomes and...