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Characterization of HIV variants from paired Cerebrospinal fluid and Plasma samples in primary microglia and CD4+ T-cells
Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persistence in the central nervous system (CNS) continues to cause a range of cognitive impairments in...
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Transmitted/founder SHIV.D replicates in the brain, causes neuropathogenesis, and persists on combination antiretroviral therapy in rhesus macaques
A biologically relevant non-human primate (NHP) model of HIV persistence in the central nervous system (CNS) is necessary. Most current NHP/SIV...
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Cooperative interactions between neurotrophin receptors and CXCR4 regulate macrophage phenotype and susceptibility to activation by HIV
Neural damage due to inflammatory activation of macrophages and microglia is a consequence of HIV infection that leads to cognitive dysfunction. The...
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In situ analysis of neuronal injury and neuroinflammation during HIV-1 infection
BackgroundSince the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) the brain has become an important human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)...
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Neuropathogenesis of HIV-1: insights from across the spectrum of acute through long-term treated infection
This review outlines the neuropathogenesis of HIV, from initial HIV entry into the central nervous system (CNS) to chronic infection, focusing on key...
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Endogenous Peptide Inhibitors of HIV Entry
The discovery of the G-protein coupled-receptor (GPCR) CXCR4 as a major coreceptor of HIV-1 entry about three decades ago explained why the chemokine...
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Systemic Regulation of Metastatic Disease by Extracellular Vesicles and Particles
Cancer is a systemic disease that induces functional dysregulation in multiple tissues and organs. The great majority of cancer-related deaths are...
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The Roles and Mechanisms of EVs in Disease Processes
Extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated communication plays critical roles in the progression of many diseases, including various cancers, diabetes,...
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A review on the nanotechnology-based approaches for managing sexually transmitted infections
BackgroundSexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health concern, accounting for millions of new infections each year and a high...
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In vivo characterization of macrophage-tropic simian immunodeficiency virus molecular clones in rhesus macaques
Macrophages are a major target of HIV/SIV infection and play an important role in pathogenesis by serving as viral reservoirs in the central nervous...
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Replication-competent HIV-1 in human alveolar macrophages and monocytes despite nucleotide pools with elevated dUTP
BackgroundAlthough CD4 + memory T cells are considered the primary latent reservoir for HIV-1, replication competent HIV has been detected in tissue...
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Retrovirus
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is one of the most devastating...
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Extracellular Vesicle Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases
Viral and bacterial infections are major causative agents of infectious diseases, resulting in public health challenges and economic losses in both...
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In-depth virological and immunological characterization of HIV-1 cure after CCR5Δ32/Δ32 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Despite scientific evidence originating from two patients published to date that CCR5Δ32/Δ32 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can cure...
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Purinergic Signaling in Brain Tumors
Brain tumors are primary or metastatic tumors that proliferate in the brain tissue itself or surrounding tissues, such as pituitary and pineal...
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Interfaces to Control Cell-Biomaterial Adhesive Interactions
Cell adhesion to adsorbed proteins and adhesive sequences engineered on surfaces is crucial to cellular and host responses to implanted devices,...
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HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain
HIV-associated neurological disorders (HAND) affect up to 50% of people living with HIV (PLWH), even in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy...
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SCEL regulates switches between pro-survival and apoptosis of the TNF-α/TNFR1/NF-κB/c-FLIP axis to control lung colonization of triple negative breast cancer
BackgroundPatients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) have a higher probability of develo** visceral metastasis within 5 years...
