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Hypocretin-1 receptor antagonism improves inhibitory control during the Go/No-Go task in highly motivated, impulsive male mice
RationaleMotivation and inhibitory control are dominantly regulated by the dopaminergic (DA) and noradrenergic (NA) systems, respectively....
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The Roles of Histamine Receptor 1 (hrh1) in Neurotransmitter System Regulation, Behavior, and Neurogenesis in Zebrafish
Histamine receptors mediate important physiological processes and take part in the pathophysiology of different brain disorders. Histamine receptor 1...
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The immunopathogenesis of narcolepsy type 1
Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a chronic sleep disorder resulting from the loss of a small population of hypothalamic neurons that produce wake-promoting...
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Orexin neurons track temporal features of blood glucose in behaving mice
Does the brain track how fast our blood glucose is changing? Knowing such a rate of change would enable the prediction of an upcoming state and a...
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Control and coding of pupil size by hypothalamic orexin neurons
Brain orexin (hypocretin) neurons are implicated in sleep–wake switching and reward-seeking but their roles in rapid arousal dynamics and reward...
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Dorsoventral Arrangement of Lateral Hypothalamus Populations in the Mouse Hypothalamus: a Prosomeric Genoarchitectonic Analysis
The lateral hypothalamus (LH) has a heterogeneous cytoarchitectonic organization that has not been elucidated in detail. In this work, we analyzed...
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Narcolepsy: a model interaction between immune system, nervous system, and sleep-wake regulation
Narcolepsy is a rare chronic neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. The disease is...
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Estradiol-dependent hypocretinergic/orexinergic behaviors throughout the estrous cycle
RationaleThe female menstrual or estrous cycle and its associated fluctuations in circulating estradiol (E2), progesterone, and other gonadal...
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Interleukin-1-related activity and hypocretin-1 in cerebrospinal fluid contribute to fatigue in primary Sjögren’s syndrome
BackgroundFatigue is a common and sometimes debilitating phenomenon in primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and other chronic inflammatory diseases. We...
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A practical guide to the pharmacological and behavioral therapy of Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy is a rare, chronic, and disabling central nervous system hypersomnia; two forms can be recognized: narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and narcolepsy...
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The Histamine System in Zebrafish Brain: Organization, Receptors, and Behavioral Roles
Three of the four histamine receptors have been identified in zebrafish. Whereas only one histamine receptor 1 gene (hrh1) is known, two copies of...
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A variant in orexin receptor-2 is associated with self-reported daytime sleepiness in the Japanese population
Excessive daytime sleepiness is characterized by a persistent feeling of having trouble staying awake, typically with inappropriate sleep episodes....
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Sleep Disturbances Associated with Neurological Autoimmunity
Associations between sleep disorders and neurological autoimmunity have been notably expanding recently. Potential immune-mediated etiopathogenesis...
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Insomnia-related rodent models in drug discovery
Despite the widespread prevalence and important medical impact of insomnia, effective agents with few side effects are lacking in clinics. This is...
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Positive memory increases cataplexy-like behaviors in narcolepsy mice as revealed using conditioned place preference test
BackgroundCataplexy is a loss of muscle tone that can lead to postural collapse, disturbing the daily life of narcolepsy patients; it is often...
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Pharmacological and chemogenetic orexin/hypocretin intervention ameliorates Hipp-dependent memory impairment in the A53T mice model of Parkinson’s disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD), classically defined as a progressive motor disorder accompanied with dopaminergic neuron loss and presence of Lewy bodies,...
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An overview of the orexinergic system in different animal species
Orexin (hypocretin), is a neuropeptide produced by a subset of neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. From the lateral hypothalamus, the...
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Trigeminal nerve stimulation: a current state-of-the-art review
Nearly 5 decades ago, the effect of trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) on cerebral blood flow was observed for the first time. This implication...
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HLA and Disease Association
An interesting application of HLA in medicine was the description of the increased incidence of some HLA class-I and class-II alleles in patients...
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Sleep Disorders: Identifying Biomarkers and Clinical Applications
In recent years, there was a surge in interest for biomarkers in sleep disorders. In this chapter we will focus on biomarkers with potential use in...