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Sensorimotor Incoordination in Musicians’ Dystonia
To acquire and maintain outstanding sensorimotor skills for playing musical instruments inevitably requires extensive training from childhood....
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Dystonia in Childhood: How Insights from Paediatric Research Enrich the Network Theory of Dystonia
Dystonia is now widely accepted as a network disorder, with multiple brain regions and their interconnections playing a potential role in the...
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Dysfunctional Networks in Functional Dystonia
Functional dystonia, the second most common functional movement disorder, is characterized by acute or subacute onset of fixed limb, truncal, or...
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Brain Connectivity in Dystonia: Evidence from Magnetoencephalography
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) detects synchronized activity within a neuronal network by measuring the magnetic field changes generated by...
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Embouchure Dystonia as a Network Disease
While the pathophysiology of embouchure dystonia, a sub-entity of musician’s dystonia, is still not fully understood, recent research has shown that...
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Neuromodulation in Dystonia – Harnessing the Network
Adult-onset isolated focal dystonia (AOIFD) is a network disorder characterised by abnormalities of sensory processing and motor control. These...
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Basal Ganglia: Dystonia
Dystonia is a relatively common movement disorder and characterized by sustained or repetitive involuntary muscle contractions and abnormal postures....
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Electrophysiological insights into deep brain stimulation of the network disorder dystonia
Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a treatment for modulating the abnormal central neuronal circuitry, has become the standard of care nowadays and is...
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Basal Ganglia: Dystonia
Dystonia is a relatively common movement disorder and characterized by sustained or repetitive involuntary muscle contractions and abnormal postures....
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Basic and Translational Applications of the Network Theory for Dystonia
A recently proposed novel scheme of dystonia suggests that it is a disorder of neural network. Impairment in any of the “nodes” of the network may...
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Clinical Implications of Dystonia as a Neural Network Disorder
Isolated dystonia is a neurological disorder of diverse etiology, multifactorial pathophysiology, and wide spectrum of clinical presentations. We...
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Applications of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Understanding and Treating Dystonia
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-based studies have led to an advanced understanding of the pathophysiology of dystonia. This narrative review...
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A Systematic Review of Cognition in Cervical Dystonia
Growing evidence points to a spectrum of non-motor symptoms, including cognitive difficulties that have a greater impact on functional outcomes and...
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X-linked dystonia parkinsonism: epidemiology, genetics, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment
X-linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP) is a rare X-linked recessive degenerative movement disorder that only affects Filipino descent, predominantly...
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Focal Dystonia and the Stress Network: The Role of Stress Vulnerability and Adverse Childhood Experiences in the Development of Musician’s Dystonia
Musician’s dystonia is often described as a neurological disorder, resulting from reduced inhibition in the basal ganglia and the cerebellum and...
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Methylation of the serotonin reuptake transporter gene and non-motor symptoms in dystonia patients
BackgroundDystonia is a rare movement disorder, in which patients suffer from involuntary twisting movements or abnormal posturing. Next to these...
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Task-specific dystonia in hairdressers: a questionnaire survey and review of the literature
Hairdresser dystonia is one of the occupational dystonias and task-specific movement disorders occurring as a result of long-term repetitive cutting...
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Biallelic SHQ1 variants in early infantile hypotonia and paroxysmal dystonia as the leading manifestation
Biallelic SHQ1 variant-related neurodevelopmental disorder is extremely rare. To date, only six affected individuals, from four families, have been...
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Treatment of Involuntary Movements (Dystonia, Tremor, Tic)
Botulinum toxins, after injection into the muscle, block the release of acetylcholine from the neuromuscular junction. Acetylcholine is a chemical...
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A Japanese family with dystonia due to a pathogenic variant in SGCE
Dystonia (DYT) is a heterogeneous neurological disorder, and there are many types of DYT depending on the responsible genes. DYT11 is an autosomal...
