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Effects of Baclofen on Central Paroxysmal Positional Downbeat Nystagmus
Paroxysmal positional nystagmus frequently occurs in lesions involving the cerebellum, and has been ascribed to disinhibition and enhanced canal...
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Gravity-Dependent Modulation of Downbeat Nystagmus and Subjective Visual Vertical in the Roll Plane
Downbeat nystagmus (DBN) is the most common form of acquired central vestibular nystagmus. Gravity perception in patients with DBN has previously...
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Episodic Vestibular Syndrome with Hyperventilation-Induced Downbeat Nystagmus
Hyperventilation-induced downbeat nystagmus (HV-DBN) has been reported in cerebellar disorders and explained by a loss of the inhibitory cerebellar...
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Opsoclonus Following Downbeat Nystagmus in Absence of Visual Fixation in Multiple System Atrophy: Modulation and Mechanisms
We report atypical opsoclonus in a patient with multiple system atrophy and propose a mechanism based on the patterns of modulation by visual,...
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Analysis of Fibroblast Growth Factor 14 (FGF14) structural variants reveals the genetic basis of the early onset nystagmus locus NYS4 and variable ataxia
Nystagmus (involuntary, rhythmical eye movements) can arise due to sensory eye defects, in association with neurological disorders or as an isolated...
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Upbeat Nystagmus with an Unusual Velocity-Decreasing and Increasing Waveform: a Sign of Gaze-Holding Dysfunction in the Paramedian Tracts in the Medulla?
We report a patient with spontaneous upbeat nystagmus (UBN) due to an ischemic lesion involving the paramedian tract (PMT) in the medulla. Eye...
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A Variation in FGF14 Is Associated with Downbeat Nystagmus in a Genome-Wide Association Study
Downbeat nystagmus (DBN) is a frequent form of acquired persisting central fixation nystagmus, often associated with other cerebellar ocular signs,...
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Positional Downbeat Nystagmus
Positional downbeat nystagmus is one of the common forms of central positional nystagmus. It has been reported in various structural, metabolic, or...
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Drugs in Selected Ataxias
In this chapter, drug treatment in the few treatable causes of degenerative ataxias will first be presented including vitamin deficiency, metabolic...
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Autoimmune Cerebellar Ataxia Associated with Anti-Glutamate Receptor δ2 Antibodies: a Rare but Treatable Entity
We report two novel cases of autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (ACA) associated with anti-glutamate receptor δ2 antibodies (Gluδ2-Abs). The first case was...
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Gaze-holding and anti-GAD antibody: prototypic heterogeneous motor dysfunction in immune disease
The variability in motor dysfunction is not uncommon in autoimmune disorders. Antibody-mediated system-wide malfunction or effects on the neural...
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The Use of Video-Head Impulse Test in Different Head Positions in Vertical Nystagmus and Ataxia Associated with Probable Thiamine Deficiency
Upward and downward bias of eye movement signals in the semicircular canals (SCC)- and/or otolith-related central pathways have been proposed to...
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Cerebellar Rebound Nystagmus Explained as Gaze-Evoked Nystagmus Relative to an Eccentric Set Point: Implications for the Clinical Examination
A brain stem/cerebellar neural integrator enables stable eccentric gaze. Cerebellar loss-of-function can cause an inability to maintain gaze...
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Ocular Motor Findings Aid in Differentiation of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 17 from Huntington’s Disease
Differentiation of spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17) from Huntington’s disease (HD) is often challenging since they share the clinical features...
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Syndrome of Irreversible Lithium-Effectuated Neurotoxicity (SILENT): A Preventable Cerebellar Disorder
We report a case study of a 60-year-old man with bipolar disorder on stable lithium treatment who developed severe toxicity while admitted to ICU...
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Role of Cerebellum in Gaze-Holding Disorders
Stability of the retinal image on the fovea is essential for clear vision. Our brain implements sophisticated neural mechanisms to ensure stable...