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WDR5-HOTTIP Histone Modifying Complex Regulates Neural Migration and Dendrite Polarity of Pyramidal Neurons via Reelin Signaling
WD-repeat domain 5 (WDR5), a core component of histone methyltransferase complexes, is associated with Kabuki syndrome and Kleefstra syndrome that...
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Diadenosine pentaphosphate regulates dendrite growth and number in cultured hippocampal neurons
During the establishment of neuronal circuits, axons and dendrites grow and branch to establish specific synaptic connections. This complex process...
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Quantification of Neuronal Dendritic Spine Density and Lengths of Apical and Basal Dendrites in Temporal Lobe Structures Using Golgi-Cox Staining
The objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of the methods used to investigate the connectivity and structure of the nervous system....
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Anatomical characterisation of three different psychosurgical targets in the subthalamic area: from the basal ganglia to the limbic system
Effective neural stimulation for the treatment of severe psychiatric disorders needs accurate characterisation of surgical targets. This is...
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The Antidepressant Effects of Resveratrol are Accompanied by the Attenuation of Dendrite/Dendritic Spine Loss and the Upregulation of BDNF/p-cofilin1 Levels in Chronic Restraint Mice
Depression afflicts more than 300 million people worldwide, but there is currently no universally effective drug in clinical practice. In this study,...
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Quantifying harmony between direct and indirect pathways in the basal ganglia: healthy and Parkinsonian states
The basal ganglia (BG) show a variety of functions for motor and cognition. There are two competitive pathways in the BG; direct pathway (DP) which...
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Single-neuron analysis of dendrites and axons reveals the network organization in mouse prefrontal cortex
The structures of dendrites and axons form the basis for the connectivity of neural network, but their precise relationship at single-neuron level...
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Break-up and recovery of harmony between direct and indirect pathways in the basal ganglia: Huntington’s disease and treatment
The basal ganglia (BG) in the brain exhibit diverse functions for motor, cognition, and emotion. Such BG functions could be made via competitive...
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Overexpression of α-Klotho isoforms promotes distinct Effects on BDNF-Induced Alterations in Dendritic Morphology
α-Klotho (α-Kl) is a modulator of aging, neuroprotection, and cognition. Transcription of the Klotho gene produces two splice variants—a membrane...
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Revisiting a Telencephalic Extent of the Ascending Reticular Activating System
Is the cerebrum involved in its own activation to states of attention or arousal? “Telencephalon” is a term borrowed from embryology to identify not...
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Seasonal differences in the morphology and spine density of hippocampal neurons in wild ground squirrels
Seasonally reproducing small mammals often undergo changes in brain anatomy throughout the year. Much of the research on this seasonal...
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Neocortex neurogenesis and maturation in the African greater cane rat
BackgroundNeocortex development has been extensively studied in altricial rodents such as mouse and rat. Identification of alternative animal models...
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Metoprolol prevents neuronal dendrite remodeling in a canine model of chronic obstructive sleep apnea
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is closely associated with central nervous system diseases and could lead to autonomic nerve dysfunction, which is...
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Dendritic Morphology Affects the Velocity and Amplitude of Back-propagating Action Potentials
The back-propagating action potential (bpAP) is crucial for neuronal signal integration and synaptic plasticity in dendritic trees. Its properties...
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Ion-concentration gradients induced by synaptic input increase the voltage depolarization in dendritic spines
The vast majority of excitatory synaptic connections occur on dendritic spines. Due to their extremely small volume and spatial segregation from the...
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Morphological Features of Human Dendritic Spines
Dendritic spine features in human neurons follow the up-to-date knowledge presented in the previous chapters of this book. Human dendrites are...
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Tbr1 Misexpression Alters Neuronal Development in the Cerebral Cortex
Changes in the transcription factor (TF) expression are critical for brain development, and they may also underlie neurodevelopmental disorders....
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Networking of glucagon-like peptide-1 axons with GnRH neurons in the basal forebrain of male mice revealed by 3DISCO-based immunocytochemistry and optogenetics
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) regulates reproduction centrally, although, the neuroanatomical basis of the process is unknown. Therefore, the...
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Mimicking hypomethylation of FUS requires liquid–liquid phase separation to induce synaptic dysfunctions
The hypomethylation of fused in sarcoma (FUS) in frontotemporal lobar degeneration promotes the formation of irreversible condensates of FUS....
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DEHP (di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate) stimulates skin pigmentation by perturbing cytoskeletal homeostasis
Phthalates are extensively employed plasticizers crucial for conferring flexibility and plasticity to polyvinyl chloride. Phthalates, including DEHP...
