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Drivers of adaptive evolution during chronic SARS-CoV-2 infections
In some immunocompromised patients with chronic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, considerable adaptive...
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The origin and continuing adaptive evolution of chikungunya virus
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is the responsible agent of chikungunya fever, a debilitating arthritic disease in humans. CHIKV is endemic in Africa and...
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Steering and controlling evolution — from bioengineering to fighting pathogens
Control interventions steer the evolution of molecules, viruses, microorganisms or other cells towards a desired outcome. Applications range from...
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Comparative mitogenomics of Clupeoid fish provides insights into the adaptive evolution of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes and codon usage in the heterogeneous habitats
Clupeoid fish can be considered excellent candidates to understand the role of mitochondrial DNA in adaptive evolution, as they have colonized...
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Characterizing genetic variation on the Z chromosome in Schistosoma japonicum reveals host-parasite co-evolution
BackgroundSchistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that afflicts millions of people worldwide; it is caused by Schistosoma, the only dioecious...
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Ancient fish lineages illuminate toll-like receptor diversification in early vertebrate evolution
Since its initial discovery over 50 years ago, understanding the evolution of the vertebrate RAG- mediated adaptive immune response has been a major...
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Gene-poor Y-chromosomes substantially impact male trait heritabilities and may help shape sexually dimorphic evolution
How natural selection facilitates sexually dimorphic evolution despite a shared genome is unclear. The patrilineal inheritance of Y-chromosomes makes...
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Projection of current and future distribution of adaptive genetic units in an alpine ungulate
Climate projections predict major changes in alpine environments by the end of the 21st century. To avoid climate-induced maladaptation and...
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Genomic characterization and molecular evolution of human monkeypox viruses
Monkeypox virus is a member of the family Poxviridae , as are variola virus and vaccinia virus. It has a linear double-strand DNA genome approximately...
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Pregnancy as a Factor of Adaptive Human Evolution. The Role of Natural Selection in the Origin of Preeclampsia
AbstractThe review discusses the data on the significant role of pregnancy in adaptive evolution of modern humans. In the aspect of evolutionary...
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Mosaic environment-driven evolution of the deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons bacterial endosymbiont
BackgroundThe within-species diversity of symbiotic bacteria represents an important genetic resource for their environmental adaptation, especially...
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Evolution of Pathogenicity and Virulence
Evolutionary biologists define virulence as reduction in host fitness (survival and reproduction) caused by pathogens. The avirulence hypothesis...
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Genome sequencing reveals evidence of adaptive variation in the genus Zea
Maize is a globally valuable commodity and one of the most extensively studied genetic model organisms. However, we know surprisingly little about...
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Adaptive Significance and Origin of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Genes in the Grain of Cultivated Cereals
AbstractThe majority of cultivated cereals including maize, rice, wheat, barley, oat and rye consist of numerous varieties lacking anthocyanin...
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Robust and Adaptive Two-stage Designs in Nonlinear Mixed Effect Models
AbstractTo get informative studies for nonlinear mixed effect models (NLMEM), design optimization can be performed based on Fisher Information Matrix...
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Adaptive unscented Kalman filter for neuronal state and parameter estimation
Data assimilation techniques for state and parameter estimation are frequently applied in the context of computational neuroscience. In this work, we...
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Landscape genomics reveals adaptive genetic differentiation driven by multiple environmental variables in naked barley on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Understanding the local adaptation of crops has long been a concern of evolutionary biologists and molecular ecologists. Identifying the adaptive...
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Virus Evolution on Fitness Landscapes
The landscape paradigm is revisited in the light of evolution in simple systems. A brief overview of different classes of fitness landscapes is...
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Enhancing clinical diagnostics: novel denoising methodology for brain MRI with adaptive masking and modified non-local block
Medical image denoising has been a subject of extensive research, with various techniques employed to enhance image quality and facilitate more...
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Gene expression and alternative splicing contribute to adaptive divergence of ecotypes
Regulation of gene expression is a critical link between genotype and phenotype explaining substantial heritable variation within species. However,...
