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Interchangeability between Generic and Reference Products: Limits of Average Bioequivalence Methodology
Marketing authorisation of generic drugs is based on a demonstration of the “average” bioequivalence (ABE), with acceptance limits of 0.8–1.25 for...
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Striatal dopamine signals reflect perceived cue–action–outcome associations in mice
Striatal dopamine drives associative learning by acting as a teaching signal. Much work has focused on simple learning paradigms, including Pavlovian...
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Implicit signatures of voluntary action reduce with repeated motor practice
The sense of controlling one’s actions and their consequences is a critical aspect of successful motor activity. While motor performance typically...
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A delayed matching task-based study on action sequence of motor imagery
The way people imagine greatly affects performance of brain-computer interface (BCI) based on motion imagery (MI). Action sequence is a basic unit of...
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T cell egress via lymphatic vessels is tuned by antigen encounter and limits tumor control
Antigen-specific CD8 + T cell accumulation in tumors is a prerequisite for effective immunotherapy, and yet the mechanisms of lymphocyte transit are...
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TAOK3 limits age-associated inflammation by negatively modulating macrophage differentiation and their production of TNFα
BackgroundHuman aging is characterized by a state of chronic inflammation, termed inflammaging, for which the causes are incompletely understood. It...
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FBXW7 in breast cancer: mechanism of action and therapeutic potential
Breast cancer is one of the frequent tumors that seriously endanger the physical and mental well-being in women. F-box and WD repeat...
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Exposure limits for indoor volatile substances concerning the general population: The role of population-based differences in sensory irritation of the eyes and airways for assessment factors
Assessment factors (AFs) are essential in the derivation of occupational exposure limits (OELs) and indoor air quality guidelines. The factors shall...
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The motor and the brake of the trailing leg in human walking: transtibial amputation limits ankle–knee torque covariation
Lower-limb amputation limits inherent motor abundance in the locomotor system and impairs walking mechanics. Able-bodied walkers vary ankle torque to...
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Strategies to therapeutically modulate cytokine action
Cytokines are secreted or membrane-presented molecules that mediate broad cellular functions, including development, differentiation, growth and...
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Mechanism of Antidepressant Action of (2R,6R)-6-Hydroxynorketamine (HNK) and Its Compounds: Insights from Proteomic Analysis
AbstractThe effects of HNK, I5, and I6 on the expression of protein in hippocampus of depressed mice were studied by isobaric tags for relative and...
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Metformin in therapeutic applications in human diseases: its mechanism of action and clinical study
Metformin, a biguanide drug, is the most commonly used first-line medication for type 2 diabetes mellites due to its outstanding glucose-lowering...
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Mitochondrial Localization of SARM1 in Acrylamide Intoxication Induces Mitophagy and Limits Neuropathy
Sterile α and toll/interleukin 1 receptor motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) is the defining molecule and central executioner of programmed axon...
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microRNAs in action: biogenesis, function and regulation
Ever since microRNAs (miRNAs) were first recognized as an extensive gene family >20 years ago, a broad community of researchers was drawn to...
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Departmental action limits for TQA energy variations defined by means of statistical process control methods
The purpose of this study is to define departmental action limits for energy percentage variation measured by means of step-wedge helical Tomotherapy...
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Cancer Therapeutics: Mechanism of Action, Radiation Toxicity, and Drug Formulation
Cancer is a well-known disease that involves complex changes in the genome due to variation in host and environment, and it is also a prime cause of...
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Performing a shortened version of the Action Research Arm Test in immersive virtual reality to assess post-stroke upper limb activity
BackgroundTo plan treatment and measure post-stroke recovery, frequent and time-bounded functional assessments are recommended. With increasing needs...
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Assessing transparency and accountability of national action plans on antimicrobial resistance in 15 African countries
BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses an increasing public health threat to low- and lower-middle income countries. Recent studies found...