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Modulation of BRD4 in HIV epigenetic regulation: implications for finding an HIV cure
Following reverse transcription, HIV viral DNA is integrated into host cell genomes and establishes a stable latent infection, which has posed a...
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iPSC-derived three-dimensional brain organoid models and neurotropic viral infections
Progress in stem cell research has revolutionized the medical field for more than two decades. More recently, the discovery of induced pluripotent...
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Opioid abuse and SIV infection in non-human primates
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and drug abuse are intertwined epidemics, leading to compromised adherence to combined antiretroviral therapy...
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The BET bromodomain inhibitor apabetalone induces apoptosis of latent HIV-1 reservoir cells following viral reactivation
The persistence of latent HIV-1 reservoirs throughout combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is a major barrier on the path to achieving a cure...
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The construction of modular universal chimeric antigen receptor T (MU-CAR-T) cells by covalent linkage of allogeneic T cells and various antibody fragments
BackgroundChimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells therapy is one of the novel immunotherapeutic approaches with significant clinical success....
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Effect of Opioid Use on Immune Activation and HIV Persistence on ART
While there is an emerging consensus that engagement of the Mu opioid receptor by opioids may modulate various stages the HIV life cycle (e.g.:...
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Does antiretroviral therapy alter the course of Parkinson’s disease in people living with HIV?
South Africa has the world’s largest antiretroviral programme which has resulted in an increase in life expectancy in persons living with HIV....
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Sexual dimorphism in HIV-1 infection
Sex-specific differences affecting various aspects of HIV-1 infection have been reported, including differences in susceptibility to infection,...
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Revisiting JC virus and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Since its definition 65 years ago, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) has continued to devastate a growing population of...
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The immunology of long COVID
Long COVID is the patient-coined term for the disease entity whereby persistent symptoms ensue in a significant proportion of those who have had...
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Combating antimicrobial resistance in malaria, HIV and tuberculosis
Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to the sustainability of effective treatments against the three most prevalent infectious...
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Bridging the gap with multispecific immune cell engagers in cancer and infectious diseases
By binding to multiple antigens simultaneously, multispecific antibodies are expected to substantially improve both the activity and long-term...
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Zoonotic Transmission of Chlamydia spp.: Known for 140 Years, but Still Underestimated
Historically, the first documented cases of infections by chlamydiae involved humans with contact to psittacine birds. While birds have remained the...
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Nanomedicine in the Treatment of Viral Diseases
In this chapter, you will learn about virus, its morphology, classification, structure, pathogenesis, and hurdles in viral invasion of host cells....
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Zoonotic Transmission of Chlamydia spp.: Known for 140 Years, but Still Underestimated
Historically, the first documented cases of infections by chlamydiae involved humans with contact to psittacine birds. While birds have remained the...
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Designed Ankyrin Repeat Protein (DARPin) to target chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-redirected T cells towards CD4+ T cells to reduce the latent HIV+ cell reservoir
Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-redirected T cells show great efficacy in the patient-specific therapy of hematologic malignancies. Here, we...
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Lysine-specific demethylase 1 cooperates with BRAF–histone deacetylase complex 80 to enhance HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation
Despite the notable success of combination antiretroviral therapy, how to eradicate latent HIV-1 from reservoirs poses a challenge. The Tat protein...
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HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain
HIV-associated neurological disorders (HAND) affect up to 50% of people living with HIV (PLWH), even in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy...
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Benefits and limitations of humanized mice in HIV persistence studies
Significant advances in the treatment of HIV infection have been made in the last three decades. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is now potent enough to...