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Hyperdynamic CSF motion profiles found in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and Alzheimer’s disease assessed by fluid mechanics derived from magnetic resonance images
BackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) does not only ascertain morphological features, but also measures physiological properties such as fluid...
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Targeting choroid plexus epithelium as a novel therapeutic strategy for hydrocephalus
The choroid plexus is a tissue located in the lateral ventricles of the brain and is composed mainly of choroid plexus epithelium cells. The main...
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Comparative investigation of different telemetric methods for measuring intracranial pressure: a prospective pilot study
ObjectivesMeasurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) plays an important role in long-term monitoring and neuro-intensive treatment of patients with a...
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The glymphatic hypothesis: the theory and the evidence
The glymphatic hypothesis proposes a mechanism for extravascular transport into and out of the brain of hydrophilic solutes unable to cross the...
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Measuring intracranial pressure by invasive, less invasive or non-invasive means: limitations and avenues for improvement
Sixty years have passed since neurosurgeon Nils Lundberg presented his thesis about intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, which represents a...
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The role of perfusion and diffusion MRI in the assessment of patients affected by probable idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. A cohort-prospective preliminary study
BackgroundInvasive tests measuring resistance to cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) outflow and the effect of temporary drainage of CSF are used to select...
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Cerebrospinal fluid Aβ42, t-tau, and p-tau levels in the differential diagnosis of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ObjectivesThe purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the performance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) beta amyloid 42...
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Neuroprotection in Miscellaneous Neurological Disorders
Several neurological disorders that are not covered in the preceding chapters result in damage to the brain requiring neuroprotection. In addition to...
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A change in brain white matter after shunt surgery in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a tract-based spatial statistics study
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to elucidate changes in cerebral white matter after shunt surgery in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus...
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Aquaporin 1 and the Na+/K+/2Cl− cotransporter 1 are present in the leptomeningeal vasculature of the adult rodent central nervous system
BackgroundThe classical view of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production posits the choroid plexus as its major source. Although previous studies...
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Cerebrospinal fluid mitochondrial DNA in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
BackgroundNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Although complement-dependent...
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The genetic basis of hydrocephalus: genes, pathways, mechanisms, and global impact
Hydrocephalus (HC) is a heterogenous disease characterized by alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics that may cause increased intracranial...
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Review: pathophysiology of intracranial hypertension and noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring
Measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) is crucial in the management of many neurological conditions. However, due to the invasiveness, high cost,...
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Dystrophin Dp71 and the Neuropathophysiology of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by frameshift mutations in the DMD gene that prevent the body-wide translation of its protein product,...
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Amyloid mis-metabolism in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
BackgroundPatients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) have reduced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of amyloid-β (Aβ) and...
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The Role of the Periaqueductal Gray Matter in Lower Urinary Tract Function
The periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), as one of the mostly preserved evolutionary components of the brain, is an axial structure modulating various...
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Correlation of CSF flow using phase-contrast MRI with ventriculomegaly and CSF opening pressure in mucopolysaccharidoses
BackgroundVery little is known about the incidence and prevalence of hydrocephalus in patients with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS). The biggest...
