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Single-Cell MTT: A Simple and Sensitive Assay for Determining the Viability and Metabolic Activity of Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells (PGCCs)
Solid tumors and tumor-derived cell lines commonly contain highly enlarged (giant) cancer cells that enter a state of transient dormancy (active...
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Genotoxicity Evaluation of Nanosized Materials
Nanomaterials possess unique properties and are widely used in various applications such as cosmetics, drug delivery, nanomedicines, tissue...
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Cytotoxicity of short-term exposure to sublethal dose of the insecticide thiamethoxam to male albino rats
ObjectiveThiamethoxam (TMX) is a systemic insecticide used to combat plant pests that might significantly affect food security. Therefore, the...
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Inter-laboratory automation of the in vitro micronucleus assay using imaging flow cytometry and deep learning
The in vitro micronucleus assay is a globally significant method for DNA damage quantification used for regulatory compound safety testing in...
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Geniposide and asperuloside alter the COX-2 and GluN2B receptor expression after pilocarpine-induced seizures in mice
Asperuloside (ASP) and geniposide (GP) are iridoids that have shown various biological properties, such as reduction of inflammation, oxidative...
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The effect of aging on the repeated-dose liver micronucleus assay using diethylnitrosamine
BackgroundThe repeated-dose liver micronucleus (RDLMN) assay has been well-developed and applied because of its simplicity and the ease of...
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Following the adverse outcome pathway from micronucleus to cancer using H2B-eGFP transgenic healthy stem cells
In vitro assessment of genotoxicity as an early warning tool for carcinogenicity mainly relies on recording cytogenetic damages (micronuclei,...
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Evaluation of acute, 28-day, 13-week repeated dose oral toxicity and genotoxicity of a herbal extract (HemoHIM G) from Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong, and Peaonia lactiflora
HemoHIM G is a functional food ingredient composed of a triple herbal combination of Angelica sinensis , Ligusticum chuanxiong , and Paeonia lactiflora ,...
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The balance of STING signaling orchestrates immunity in cancer
Over the past decade, it has become clear that the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is critical for a variety of immune responses. This...
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PIG-A gene mutation as a genotoxicity biomarker in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-exposed barbecue workers
BackgroundThe PIG-A gene mutation assay is a valuable tool for measuring in vivo gene mutations in blood cells. The human PIG-A assay, used as a...
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Non-clinical safety assessment of Annona atemoya leaf extract: evaluation of genotoxicity
The leaves, stems, and fruits of Annona atemoya ( A. atemoya ; AA), a fruit-bearing plant of the family Annonaceae, exhibit anti-angiogenic,...
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Induction of clastogenesis and gene mutations by carbamazepine (at its therapeutically effective serum levels) in mammalian cells and the dependence on human CYP2B6 enzyme activity
Carbamazepine (CBZ, an antiepileptic) is metabolized by multiple CYP enzymes to its epoxide and hydroxides; however, whether it is genotoxic remains...
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Ligands stimulating antitumour immunity as the next G-quadruplex challenge
G-quadruplex (G4) binders have been investigated to discover new anticancer drugs worldwide in past decades. As these ligands are generally not...
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The TP53-activated E3 ligase RNF144B is a tumour suppressor that prevents genomic instability
BackgroundTP53, the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers, orchestrates a complex transcriptional program crucial for cancer prevention....
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Decompression strain in parachute jumpmasters during simulated high-altitude missions: a special reference to preoxygenation strategies
PurposeMilitary parachute operations are often executed at high altitude, from an unpressurized aircraft compartment. Parachute jumpmasters (JM) are...
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Antibacterial and cytotoxicity studies of pyrrolo-based organic scaffolds and their binding interaction with bovine serum albumin
Two pyrrolo-based compounds, 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid ( L1 ) and 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-4-carboxylic acid ( L2 ), were employed for...
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cGAS/STING: novel perspectives of the classic pathway
Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) is a cytosolic DNA sensor and innate immune response initiator. Binding with exogenous or endogenous nucleic...
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Abnormal mitosis in reactive astrocytes
Although abnormal mitosis with disarranged metaphase chromosomes or many micronuclei in astrocytes (named “Alzheimer I type astrocytes” and later...
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