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Inter-individual, hemispheric and sex variability of brain activations during numerosity processing
Numerosity perception is a fundamental and innate cognitive function shared by both humans and many animal species. Previous research has primarily...
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Sex-biased gene and microRNA expression in the develo** mouse brain is associated with neurodevelopmental functions and neurological phenotypes
BackgroundSex differences pose a challenge and an opportunity in biomedical research. Understanding how sex chromosomes and hormones affect...
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Sex differences in muscle contraction-induced limb blood flow limitations
PurposeTo determined sex differences in absolute- and %-reductions in blood flow during intermittent muscular contractions as well as relationships...
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Advances in sex disparities for cancer immunotherapy: unveiling the dilemma of Yin and Yang
A wide sex disparity has been demonstrated in cancer incidence, tumor aggressiveness, prognosis, and treatment response of different types of cancer....
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Epigenetic mechanisms regulate sex-specific bias in disease manifestations
AbstractSex presents a vital determinant of a person’s physiology, anatomy, and development. Recent clinical studies indicate that sex is also...
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Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) modulates mitochondrial dynamics in PPARγ-depleted equine adipose derived stromal cells
AbstractPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a transcription factor that promotes adipogenesis, lipid uptake and storage,...
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Does the body size, sex, and reproductive modes of leaf litter anurans affect the diversity of parasites?
We describe the composition of endoparasites associated with leaf litter anurans from an Atlantic Forest area, in southeastern Brazil. We tested if...
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Nk3R blockade has sex-divergent effects on memory in mice
BackgroundMemory consolidation is a process required for the formation of long-term memories. The G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)...
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On the basis of sex: male vs. female rat adenosine A1/A2A receptor affinity
ObjectiveTo ensure reproducibility in biomedical research, the biological variable sex must be reported; yet a reason for using male (instead of...
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The effect of the menstrual cycle and hyperglycaemia on hormonal and metabolic responses during exercise
PurposeVariations in substrate metabolism have been identified in women during continuous steady-state aerobic exercise performed at the same...
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In search of sex-related mediators of affective illness
Sex differences in the rates of affective disorders have been recognized for decades. Studies of physiologic sex-related differences in animals and...
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Modeling lactate threshold in young squad athletes: influence of sex, maximal oxygen uptake, and cost of running
PurposeThis study aimed to investigate: 1. The influence of sex and age on the accuracy of the classical model of endurance performance, including...
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Sex Differences in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Key Role for the Immune System
Sex differences are prominent defining features of neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding the sex biases in these disorders can shed light on...
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Active Uptake of Oxycodone at Both the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier and The Blood-Brain Barrier without Sex Differences: A Rat Microdialysis Study
BackgroundOxycodone active uptake across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is associated with the putative proton-coupled organic cation (H + /OC)...
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Sex-dependent effect of sublethal copper concentrations on de novo cholesterol synthesis in astrocytes and their possible links to variations in cholesterol and amyloid precursor protein levels in neuronal membranes
BackgroundCholesterol (Cho) is an essential lipophilic molecule in cells; however, both its decrease and its increase may favor the development of...
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Sex Differences and COVID-19
Biological sex and psychosocial gender both play a role in many disease outcomes, and the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is no different....
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Sex Differences in Respiratory Infection
Respiratory infections are an important and frequent cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Sex and gender-based differences in lung infection...
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Appetite ratings and ghrelin concentrations in young adults after administration of a balanced meal. Does sex matter?
BackgroundSex-based differences in appetite ratings have been observed previously. Ghrelin is the only known orexigenic peptide hormone. Sex...
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Sex Differences in Innate Immune Response of Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients
Neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are associated with a disruption of normal immune function that could potentially...
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A 90-day oral exposure to food-grade gold at relevant human doses impacts the gut microbiota and the local immune system in a sex-dependent manner in mice
BackgroundEdible gold (Au) is commonly used as a food additive (E175 in EU) for confectionery and cake decorations, coatings and in beverages....
