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Pathological Deficit of Cystatin B Impairs Synaptic Plasticity in EPM1 Human Cerebral Organoids
Cystatin B (CSTB) is a small protease inhibitor protein being involved in cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Loss-of-function mutations...
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α-Synuclein propagation leads to synaptic abnormalities in the cortex through microglial synapse phagocytosis
The major neuropathologic feature of Parkinson’s disease is the presence of widespread intracellular inclusions of α-synuclein known as Lewy bodies....
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Developmental Impairments of Synaptic Refinement in the Thalamus of a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome
AbstractWhile somatosensory over-reactivity is a common feature of autism spectrum disorders such as fragile X syndrome (FXS), the thalamic...
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The Notch pathway regulates autophagy after hypoxic–ischemic injury and affects synaptic plasticity
Following neonatal hypoxic–ischemia (HI) injury, it is crucial factor to reconstruct neural circuit and maintain neural network homeostasis for...
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A pilot study to evaluate the effect of CT1812 treatment on synaptic density and other biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease
BackgroundEffective, disease-modifying therapeutics for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain a large unmet need. Extensive evidence...
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Quantitative Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analyses Reveal a Role of Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1 in Regulating Hippocampal Synapse
Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) is a stress-responsive calcium/calmodulin (CaM)-regulated serine/threonine protein kinase that is actively...
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Multimarker synaptic protein cerebrospinal fluid panels reflect TDP-43 pathology and cognitive performance in a pathological cohort of frontotemporal lobar degeneration
BackgroundSynapse degeneration is an early event in pathological frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Consequently, a surrogate marker of...
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Discrepancy of synaptic and microtubular protein phosphorylation in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 and MAPT×P301S transgenic mice at the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, and is caused by multiple pathological factors, such as the overproduction of...
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Purkinje Neurons: Synaptic Plasticy
After three decades of research, it is now well established that molecular mechanisms underlying cerebellar motor learning lead to activity-dependent...
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The Role of Tomosyn in the Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release
Soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins play a central role in synaptic vesicle (SV) exocytosis. These proteins include the...
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Energy matters: presynaptic metabolism and the maintenance of synaptic transmission
Synaptic activity imposes large energy demands that are met by local adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis through glycolysis and mitochondrial...
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Nitric Oxide and Synaptic Transmission in the Cerebellum
Nitric oxide (NO) is a diffusible messenger that is almost universally found in the brain. For example, granule, stellate, and basket cells express...
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Sustained Depolarization Induces Gene Expression Pattern Changes Related to Synaptic Plasticity in a Human Cholinergic Cellular Model
Neuronal gene expression in the brain dynamically responds to synaptic activity. The interplay among synaptic activity, gene expression, and synaptic...
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TREM2 improves microglia function and synaptic development in autism spectrum disorders by regulating P38 MAPK signaling pathway
BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompasses a diverse range of neurodevelopmental disorders, but the precise underlying pathogenesis remains...
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Stimulating VAPB-PTPIP51 ER-mitochondria tethering corrects FTD/ALS mutant TDP43 linked Ca2+ and synaptic defects
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are clinically linked major neurodegenerative diseases. Notably, TAR...
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Ketamine counteracts sevoflurane-induced depressive-like behavior and synaptic plasticity impairments through the adenosine A2A receptor/ERK pathway in rats
Ketamine is an ionic glutamic acid N -methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist commonly used in clinical anesthesia, and its rapid and lasting...
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Microglia proliferation underlies synaptic dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex: implications for the pathogenesis of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive and affective alterations
Microglia, which are productively infected by HIV-1, are critical for brain development and maturation, as well as synaptic plasticity. The...
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The use of synaptic biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid to differentiate behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia from primary psychiatric disorders and Alzheimer’s disease
BackgroundLack of early molecular biomarkers in sporadic behavioral variants of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and its clinical overlap with primary...
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Adenosine A2A Receptor Blockade Ameliorates Mania Like Symptoms in Rats: Signaling to PKC-α and Akt/GSK-3β/β-Catenin
Adenosinergic system dysfunction is implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple neuropsychiatric disorders including mania and bipolar diseases....
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Autism-associated synaptic vesicle transcripts are differentially expressed in maternal plasma exosomes of physiopathologic pregnancies
BackgroundDuring intrauterine development, the formation and function of synaptic vesicles (SVs) are thought to be fundamental conditions essential...
