Critical Loads and Dynamic Risk Assessments
Nitrogen, Acidity and Metals in Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems
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29 Result(s)
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Wim de Vries
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
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Book
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Chapter
The History and Current State of Critical Loads and Dynamic Modelling Assessments
This book focuses on knowledge and methods for the assessment of indirect, soil mediated effects of the deposition of sulphur dioxide, oxidized nitrogen and reduced nitrogen on terrestrial and aquatic ecosyste...
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Chapter
Assessing the Impacts of Nitrogen Deposition on Plant Species Richness in Europe
Dose-Response (D-R) relationships derived from nitrogen (N) addition experiments and N deposition gradient studies are extrapolated over natural and (semi-)natural grasslands in Europe, using a European land c...
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Chapter
Synthesis
This chapter first presents an overview of findings described in this book. This includes a summary of the combined use of empirical and model-based approaches, main results of these analyses, and their releva...
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Chapter
Field Survey Based Models for Exploring Nitrogen and Acidity Effects on Plant Species Diversity and Assessing Long-Term Critical Loads
Empirical critical loads are based on current evidence for relationships between the rate of pollutant deposition and changes to ecosystems observed in experiments and surveys. When considering longer-term cha...
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Chapter
Plant Species Diversity Indicators for Use in the Computation of Critical Loads and Dynamic Risk Assessments
Soil models can be used to derive critical loads by computing the deposition that leads to critical limits for abiotic conditions, i.e. conditions that are just tolerated by an ecosystem. In this chapter vario...
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Chapter
Mass Balance Approaches to Assess Critical Loads and Target Loads of Metals for Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems
Critical loads of heavy metals address not only ecotoxicological effects on organisms in soils and surface waters, but also food quality in view of public health. A critical load for metals is the load resulti...
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Chapter
Critical Loads of Cadmium, Lead and Mercury and Their Exceedances in Europe
In this chapter information is summarized on the assessment of the risk of impacts of cadmium, lead and mercury emissions and related depositions of these metals, with an emphasis on natural areas in Europe. D...
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Chapter
Dynamic Geochemical Models to Assess Deposition Impacts of Metals for Soils and Surface Waters
This chapter describes the use of geochemical models to assess the impacts of the deposition of metals on the concentrations of metals in soils and surface waters. We describe three dynamic models: SMART2-meta...
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Chapter
Effects-Based Integrated Assessment Modelling for the Support of European Air Pollution Abatement Policies
Critical load and exceedance based indicators for effects of air pollution are used to define and compare air pollution abatement scenarios, thus assisting in the framing of policies and strategies, of emissio...
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Chapter
Geochemical Indicators for Use in the Computation of Critical Loads and Dynamic Risk Assessments
This chapter provides an overview of geochemical indicators for nitrogen (N), acidity, and metals in soil and water (soil solution, ground water and surface water) in view of their impacts on different endpoin...
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Chapter
Mass Balance Models to Derive Critical Loads of Nitrogen and Acidity for Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems
This chapter describes the standard approaches (mass balance models) to calculate critical loads of nutrient nitrogen (N) as well as for sulphur (S) and N acidity for both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. T...
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Dynamic Geochemical Models to Assess Deposition Impacts and Target Loads of Acidity for Soils and Surface Waters
This chapter presents four geochemical dynamic models (VSD, MAGIC, ForSAFE and SMARTml) that have been used to assess impacts of nitrogen and acidity inputs on soil and soil solution chemistry. These models di...
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Chapter
Derivation of Critical Loads of Nitrogen for Habitat Types and Their Exceedances in the Netherlands
A method is presented to simulate nitrogen (N) critical load values per vegetation type in the Netherlands following the method outlined in Chap. 3 and to integrate these simulated critical loads with empiric...
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Chapter
Integrated Assessment of Impacts of Atmospheric Deposition and Climate Change on Forest Ecosystem Services in Europe
Important forest ecosystem services are pollutant filtering relevant for an adequate water quality (regulating service), wood production (provisioning service) with related carbon (C) storage (regulating servi...
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Chapter
Impacts of Nitrogen Deposition on Ecosystem Services in Interaction with Other Nutrients, Air Pollutants and Climate Change
Nitrogen (N) deposition affects many ecosystem services, ranging from: (i) provisioning services such as timber/wood fuel production, (ii) regulating services such as carbon sequestration and pollutant filteri...
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Chapter
Quantification of Impacts of Nitrogen Deposition on Forest Ecosystem Services in Europe
Important forest ecosystem services are the provision of a habitat for a diversity of plants and wildlife (habitat service), pollutant filtering relevant for an adequate water quality (regulating service) and ...
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Chapter
Nitrogen Deposition Effects on Ecosystem Services and Interactions with other Pollutants and Climate Change
Ecosystem services are defined as the ecological and socio-economic value of goods and services provided by natural and semi-natural ecosystems. Ecosystem services are being impacted by many human induced stre...
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Chapter
Development of the Critical Loads Concept and Current and Potential Applications to Different Regions of the World
The chapter addresses whether the critical load of nutrient nitrogen (N) is a relevant, necessary and sufficient indicator to address adverse effects of reactive nitrogen (Nr) on biodiversity in different regions...
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Article
Improving National-Scale Carbon Stock Inventories Using Knowledge on Land Use History
National-scale inventories of soil organic carbon (SOC) and forest floor carbon (FFC) stocks have a high uncertainty. Inventories are often based on the interpolation of sampled information, often using a numb...
