Energy Transduction in Biological Membranes
A Textbook of Bioenergetics
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10 Result(s)
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Book
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Chapter
Oxidation—Reduction; Electron and Proton Transfer
It was shown in Chap. 1 that a free energy change ΔG p,T can be associated with a change of electrical potential. In the present case, we consider the application to oxidation-...
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Chapter
Metalloproteins
Cytochromes a—d were classified on the basis of characteristic absorbance maxima (Keilin and Keilin, 1966). The heme can be attached to the protein noncovalently (cytochromes a, b, and d) or covalently (cytochrom...
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Chapter
Photosynthesis: Photons to Protons
Most of the chlorophyll or bacteriochlorophyll molecules in the photosynthetic organelle serve as an antenna for light gathering. Approximately one chlorophyll molecule out of 500, and one bacteriochlorophyll ...
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Transduction of Electrochemical Ion Gradients to ATP Synthesis
Proton pum** ATPases can be divided into three classes (Pedersen and Carafoli, 1987a,b; Nelson, 1988): (1) The eubacterial “F-type” that is present in bacteria such as E. coli, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, d...
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Thermodynamic Background
Thermodynamics describes physical and chemical phenomena in terms of macroscopic properties of matter that are obvious to our senses such as pressure, temperature, and volume. These phenomena are divided into ...
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Membrane Structure and Storage of Free Energy
Chloroplasts, mitochondria, and Gram-negative bacteria all share the property of being bounded by a pair of membranes (Keegstra et al, 1984). The two membranes differ in passive permeability properties, the ou...
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Chapter
The Quinone Connection
The concept that the long-chain quinones in energy-transducing membranes (Fig. 5.1 A and B) act as mobile carriers of electrons and protons is partly based on the high concentration of quinone in all energy-tr...
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Light and Redox-Linked H+ Translocation: Pumps, Cycles, and Stoichiometry
Two mechanisms of H+ translocation have been discussed thus far, the uptake and release of H+ by ubi- and plastoquinone (Chap. 5), and the release of H+ in the photosynthetic water splitting reaction (Chap. 6.8)....
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Chapter
Active Transport
All living organisms must exchange material with the surrounding environment across their cell membranes, exporting waste materials and importing useful metabolites. The transport of such materials is catalyze...
