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Article
Wootz: Erroneous Transliteration of Sanskrit “Utsa” used for Indian Crucible Steel
The terminology Wootz for the legendary Indian crucible steel was first introduced by Helenus Scott in his letter to Joseph Banks, the then President of the Royal Society, London, in 1794. He stated several sa...
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Article
Directly smelted lead-tin alloys: A historical perspective
This paper discusses evidence related to the genesis and occurrence of mixed lead-tin ore deposit consisting of cassiterite and the secondary minerals formed from galena. These evidences belong to a very long ...
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Article
Ferrous arrowheads and their oil quench hardening: Some early Indian evidence
A wide variety of ferrous arrowheads were in use in ancient India. Several typical chemical analyses of arrowheads found from archaeological excavation carried out at Kaushambi are reported in this paper. The ...
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Article
The extraction of lead from its ores by the iron-reduction process: A historical perspective
The iron-reduction process for extracting lead from its ores, as practiced in different parts of the world, is reviewed and discussed in this paper based on literary and documentary evidence. It has been shown...