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Article
Open AccessSuccessful implementation of online educational lectures of the German Society for Radiation Oncology (DEGRO)
Modern digital teaching formats have become increasingly important in recent years, in part due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In January 2021, an online-based webinar series was established by the German Society f...
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Article
Open AccessCrosstalk between immune checkpoint and DNA damage response inhibitors for radiosensitization of tumors
This review article is intended to provide a perspective overview of potential strategies to overcome radiation resistance of tumors through the combined use of immune checkpoint and DNA repair inhibitors.
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Article
DNA as the main target in radiotherapy—a historical overview from first isolation to anti-tumour immune response
DNA damage is one of the foremost mechanisms of irradiation at the biological level. After the first isolation of DNA by Friedrich Miescher in the 19th century, the structure of DNA was described by Watson and...
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Article
Open AccessThe prognostic impact of B7-H3 and B7-H4 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Immune checkpoint inhibition is a therapeutic option in many cancer entities. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) targeting of the PD-1/PD-L1 (B7-H1) axis is approved in recurrent/metastatic disea...
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Article
Open AccessOct4 confers stemness and radioresistance to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the homologous recombination factors PSMC3IP and RAD54L
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is often being diagnosed at an advanced stage, conferring a poor prognosis. The probability of local tumor control after radiotherapy depends on the eradication of...
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Article
Open AccessTargeting the DNA replication stress phenotype of KRAS mutant cancer cells
Mutant KRAS is a common tumor driver and frequently confers resistance to anti-cancer treatments such as radiation. DNA replication stress in these tumors may constitute a therapeutic liability but is poorly u...
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Article
Open AccessThe POLD1R689W variant increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to ATR and CHK1 inhibitors
Inhibition of the kinase ATR, a central regulator of the DNA damage response, eliminates subsets of cancer cells in certain tumors. As previously shown, this is at least partly attributable to synthetic lethal...
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Article
Open AccessClonality of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer brain metastasis patients
The incidence of brain metastases in breast cancer (BCBM) patients is increasing. These patients have a very poor prognosis, and therefore, identification of blood-based biomarkers, such as circulating tumor c...
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Article
A common Chk1-dependent phenotype of DNA double-strand break suppression in two distinct radioresistant cancer types
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are often resistant to treatment with ionizing radiation (IR). We sought to investigate whether pharmacologic inhibition of Chk1 kinase, which is commonly overexpressed in...
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Living Reference Work Entry In depth
Basic Radiobiology
In recent years, clinical radiotherapy has undergone considerable further development. This was primarily due to technological progress in adapting the radiation fields, the increasing adaptation of cytostatic...
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Article
Prevalence of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) amplification in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck
FGFR1 is a receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor growth signaling, survival, and differentiation in many solid cancer types. There is growing evidence that FGFR1 amplification might predict therapy respo...
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Protocol
DNA Fiber Spreading Assay to Test HDACi Effects on DNA and Its Replication
DNA fiber spreading assay is an invaluable technique to visualize and follow the spatial and temporal progress of individual DNA replication forks. It provides information on the DNA replication progress and i...
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Chapter
DNA Repair
Cellular chromosomal DNA is the principal target through which ionising radiation exerts it diverse biological effects. This chapter summarises the relevant DNA damage signalling and repair pathways used by no...
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Article
Open AccessHeterozygous mutations in PALB2 cause DNA replication and damage response defects
Besides mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2, heterozygous defects in PALB2 are important in breast cancer predisposition. PALB2 heterozygosity increases the risk of malignancy about sixfold. PALB2 interacts with BRCA1 and B...
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Article
Open AccessAssociation of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes ATM, GSTP1, SOD2, TGFB1, XPD and XRCC1 with risk of severe erythema after breast conserving radiotherapy
To examine the association of polymorphisms in ATM (codon 158), GSTP1 (codon 105), SOD2 (codon 16), TGFB1 (position −509), XPD (codon 751), and XRCC1 (codon 399) with the risk of severe erythema after breast cons...
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Article
Sex-specific aspects of tumor therapy
There is increasing evidence that sex-specific differences in toxicity profiles and outcome after radiotherapy are accumulating in medical oncology, and that treatment strategies may require some modification....
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Article
Zur Interaktion von Strahlentherapie und Tamoxifen beim Mammakarzinom
Tamoxifen (TAM) ist in der adjuvanten Therapie des Mammakarzinoms ebenso etabliert wie die Strahlentherapie; der optimale Zeitpunkt für den Beginn der Therapie mit TAM – simultan zur oder sequentiell nach Stra...
