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Foetal Antigens and Cancer
EVIDENCE from several independent sources1–8 suggests that the neo-antigens of tumours that excite transplantation immunity are reawakened or derepressed foetal antigens, that is, are differentiation antigens tha...
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An Analysis of the Antitumor Effects of Corynebacterium parvum
In defined situations Corynebacterium parvum has an inhibitory effect on tumor growth. In our experiments, 0.2 ml of intraperitoneal C. parvum, given on two consecutive days, caused inhibition of Ehrlich’s asciti...
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Treatment of a metastasizing murine tumour with Corynebacterium parvum
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Lack of immunological and anti-tumour effects of orally administered Corynebacterium parvum in mice
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Approaches to the Immunological Treatment of Tumours
Most cancers at the present time are treated by surgical operation, radiotherapy or chemotherapeutic drugs. With surgery there is increased risk of mortality, morbidity and complications. This approach lacks s...
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Tumour Immunology
A dynamic interaction exists between growing cancer cells and their environment. This balance may be influenced by changes in either the tumour or host. In the tumour a rapid cell doubling time, invasiveness a...
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Abrogation of the anti-metastatic activity of C. parvum by antilymphocyte serum
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Radiolabelling of Corynebacterium parvum and its distribution in mice
Corynebacterium parvum was labelled by growing live bacteria in the presence of [3H]thymidine. The bacteria were killed by formalin, washed thoroughly and resuspended at a concentration of 7 mg dry weight/ml. ...
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Effects of C. parvum on growth and induction of intracerebral tumours in mice
An investigation was made into the effect of Corynebacterium parvum therapy on cerebral tumours in mice. I.v. C. parvum caused a slight but significant increase in the survival of BALB/c mice injected intracerebr...
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Immunological mechanisms in metastatic spread and the antimetastatic effects of C. parvum
The effects of the host's immune response on metastatic spread was investigated by observing the numbers of pulmonary metastases that developed from an s.c. implant of the Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL mice in...
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Intravascular coagulation resulting from intravenous injection of C. parvum in mice
In mice, i.v. C. parvum induces intravascular coagulation. This is a prolonged reaction lasting up to 7 days. It results in thrombosis in hepatic vessels with consequent hepatic necrosis, and thrombosis in pulmon...
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Effect of Corynebacterium parvum on peripheral blood platelets
The level of peripheral blood platelets was determined after i.v. injection of Corynebacterium parvum in normal C57BL mice and in those bearing the Lewis lung carcinoma. Twenty minutes after injection of a for...
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Hormonal environment of immunosuppressed mice
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Experimental non-specific immunotherapy
Following the demonstration by Foley1 in 1953, and Prehn and Main2 in 1957, that experimental tumours exhibit specific antigens, one approach to cancer therapy has been to modify the host immune response. Immunot...
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An overview of tumour immunology and immunotherapy
An immunological approach to the treatment of cancer has many theoretical features to commend it. There should be specificity, so that tumour cells alone are destroyed whilst normal tissues are unaffected. Pro...
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Effects of amputation and Corynebacterium parvum on tumour metastases in mice
The effects of operation (lower-limb amputation) on the growth of the Lewis lung tumour and its metastases were studied. The role of C. parvum in counteracting these effects was investigated. Anaesthesia alone or...
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Mechanisms of C. parvum-induced coagulopathy in mice
I.v. injection of Corynebacterium parvum (CP) into C57BL and BALB/c mice caused profound coagulation changes, featuring thrombocytopenia, decreased fibrinogen, increased fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products,...
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Reticuloendothelial System Function in Cancer Patients Treated with C. Parvum
The anti-tumour effect of C. parvum (C.p.) in rodents is generally regarded as being mediated by non-specific activation of macrophages (reviewed by Milas and Scott, 1978). The phagocytic index in mice is incr...
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Acute Changes in Calcitonin Levels in Lung Cancer Patients Treated with C. Parvum: Do These Reflect in Vivo Killing of Tumour Cells?
Calcitonin (CT) is a useful biochemical marker for monitoring progress of patients with bronchial carcinoma (McKenzie et al, 1977; Silva et al, 1979). There is considerable evidence that such calcitonin is pro...
