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Open Access14-3-3γ haploinsufficiency leads to altered dopamine pathway and Parkinson’s disease-like motor incoordination in mice
The 14-3-3 protein family with seven isoforms found in mammals is widely expressed in the brain and plays various roles in cellular processes. Several studies have reported that 14-3-3γ, one of the 14-3-3 prot...
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Article
Open AccessTrophoblast glycoprotein is a new candidate gene for Parkinson’s disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a movement disorder caused by progressive degeneration of the midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Despite intense research efforts over ...
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Article
Open AccessHuman kidney organoids reveal the role of glutathione in Fabry disease
Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disease caused by a mutation in the galactosidase alpha (GLA) gene. Despite advances in therapeutic technologies, the lack of humanized experimental models of Fab...
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Article
Open AccessCorrection to: Graft immaturity and safety concerns in transplanted human kidney organoids
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Article
Open AccessGraft immaturity and safety concerns in transplanted human kidney organoids
For chronic kidney disease, regeneration of lost nephrons with human kidney organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is proposed to be an attractive potential therapeutic option. It remains ...
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Article
Open AccessRetraction Note to: Chronic NMDA administration to rats increases brain pro-apoptotic factors while decreasing anti-Apoptotic factors and causes cell death
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Article
Open AccessRetraction Note to: Increased neuroinflammatory and arachidonic acid cascade markers, and reduced synaptic proteins, in brain of HIV-1 transgenic rats
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Article
Open AccessErratum to: Resveratrol increases AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 expression in type 2 diabetic nephropathy
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Article
Open AccessResveratrol increases AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 expression in type 2 diabetic nephropathy
Adiponectin has multiple functions including insulin sensitization, anti-inflammation and antiatherogenesis in various organs. Adiponectin activates 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) a...
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Article
iPLA2β Knockout Mouse, a Genetic Model for Progressive Human Motor Disorders, Develops Age-Related Neuropathology
Calcium-independent phospholipase A2 group VIa (iPLA2β) preferentially releases docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from the sn-2 position of phospholipids. Mutations of its gene, PLA2G6, are found in patients with severa...
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Protocol
Preparation of Primary Cultured Dopaminergic Neurons from Mouse Brain
Dopaminergic neurons are involved in a variety of normal brain functions; degenerations of these neurons cause diseases in human. Investigation of how dopaminergic neurons respond to extracellular signals and ...
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Article
Open AccessUpregulated expression of brain enzymatic markers of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid metabolism in a rat model of the metabolic syndrome
In animal models, the metabolic syndrome elicits a cerebral response characterized by altered phospholipid and unesterified fatty acid concentrations and increases in pro-apoptotic inflammatory mediators that ...
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Article
Effects of chronic clozapine administration on markers of arachidonic acid cascade and synaptic integrity in rat brain
The mode of action of clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic approved for treating schizophrenia (SZ) and used for bipolar disorder (BD) mania, remains unclear. We tested for overlap with the actions of the mood...
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Article
Neuroinflammation and Synaptic Loss
Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the progression of many neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric and viral diseases. In neuroinflammation, activated microglia and astrocytes release cytokines and chemoki...
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Article
Open AccessErratum to: Increased neuroinflammatory and arachidonic acid cascade markers, and reduced synaptic proteins, in brain of HIV-1 transgenic rats
Correction to Rao J S, Kim H W, Kellom M, Greenstein D, Chen M, Kraft A D, Harry G J, Rapoport S I, Basselin M. Increased neuroinflammatory and arachidonic acid cascade markers, and reduced synaptic proteins, ...
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Article
Open AccessRETRACTED ARTICLE: Increased neuroinflammatory and arachidonic acid cascade markers, and reduced synaptic proteins, in brain of HIV-1 transgenic rats
Cognitive impairment has been reported in human immune deficiency virus-1- (HIV-1-) infected patients as well as in HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) rats. This impairment has been linked to neuroinflammation, disturbed b...
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Article
Open AccessRETRACTED ARTICLE: Chronic NMDA administration to rats increases brain pro-apoptotic factors while decreasing anti-Apoptotic factors and causes cell death
Chronic N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) administration to rats is reported to increase arachidonic acid signaling and upregulate neuroinflammatory markers in rat brain. These changes may damage brain cells. In this s...
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Article
Chronic NMDA Administration Increases Neuroinflammatory Markers in Rat Frontal Cortex: Cross-Talk Between Excitotoxicity and Neuroinflammation
Chronic N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) administration, a model of excitotoxicity, and chronic intracerebroventricular lipopolysaccharide infusion, a model of neuroinflammation, are reported to upregulate arachidonic...