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    Chapter

    Vertical Shaft Bioreactors

    The Vertical Shaft Bioreactor (VSB) treatment system is essentially a high rate activated sludge process capable of operating at food to microorganism ratios (F/M) of between 0.5 and 2.0 kg BOD5/kg MLVSS/d. These...

    Nazih K. Shammas, Lawrence K. Wang in Advanced Biological Treatment Processes (2009)

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    Chapter

    Vertical Shaft Digestion, Flotation, and Biofiltration

    Three new biosolids treatment processes are introduced: vertical shaft digestion (VSD), vertical shaft floatation (VSF) thickening, and gas-phase biofiltration. The combination of these three major processes, ...

    Lawrence K. Wang, Nazih K. Shammas in Advanced Biological Treatment Processes (2009)