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Protocol
Isolation of Hepatic Stellate Cells and Lymphocytes for Co-culture Systems
In contrast to quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), activated HSCs play crucial roles in the development of liver fibrosis by producing a huge amount of extracellular matrix such as collagen fibers. Howeve...
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Protocol
High-Resolution Melting (HRM) Genoty**
High-resolution melting (HRM) analysis is a simple, fast, and inexpensive real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method used to identify genetic variation between populations and detect single-nucleot...
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Protocol
CPP Applications in Immune Modulation and Disease Therapy
About 30 years ago, the discovery of CPP improved the therapeutic approach to treat diseases and extended the range of potential targets to intracellular molecules. There are potential drug candidates for FDA ...
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Protocol
Ambient Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Small Molecules from Cells and Tissues
New methods to analyze cells and tissues in ambient condition without any harsh chemical fixation or physical freezing and drying are summarized in this report. The first approach, an atmospheric pressure mass...
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Protocol
Chapter 4 Role of Antioxidants and Antifreeze Proteins in Cryopreservation/Vitrification
In recent years, supplementation of antioxidants and antifreeze proteins during cryopreservation/vitrification has significantly improved the survival and function of oocytes and ovarian tissues (OT) in animal...
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Protocol
Optogenetic Control of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Signaling
FGFR1 is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family, which controls diverse cellular functions such as cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. OptoFGFR1, an optogenetic method to modulate the ...
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Protocol
Preparation of Primary Cultured Dopaminergic Neurons from Mouse Brain
Dopaminergic neurons are involved in a variety of normal brain functions; degenerations of these neurons cause diseases in human. Investigation of how dopaminergic neurons respond to extracellular signals and ...
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Protocol
Plant Regeneration Methods for Rapid Generation of a Large Scale Ds Transposant Population in Rice
To mutagenize rice genomes, a two-element system is utilized. This system comprises an immobile Ac element driven by the CaMV 35S promoter, and a gene trap Ds carrying a partial intron with alternative splice acc...
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Protocol
Measuring Glutamate Receptor Activation-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death in Ischemic Rat Retina Using the TUNEL Assay
Glutamate receptor activation-mediated excitotoxicity has been hypothesized to cause cell death in both acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases including glaucoma. Although the precise mechanisms of ische...
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Protocol
How to Assess the Intercellular Trafficking of Transcription Factors
Non-cell-autonomous (NCA) control of plant development is an emerging field. Transcription factors (TFs) are the most important plant proteins involved in development and cell fate determination. In plants spe...
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Protocol
Erwinia amylovora: Modern Methods for Detection and Differentiation
Erwinia amylovora is the causative agent of fire blight, a very destructive disease of numerous members of the rosaceae. The primary route of infection for host species, including commercially grow...
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Protocol
Histone Modifications and Transcription Factor Binding on Chromatin: ChIP–PCR Assays
Chromatin, the eukaryotic template of genetic information, is subject to a diverse array of posttranslational modifications that largely im**e on the N-termini of histones, such as acetylation, methylation, ...