-
Protocol
Automated Real-Time Monitoring of Extracellular pH to Assess Early Plant Defense Signaling
Extracellular alkalinization mediated by the inhibition of plasma membrane-located proton pum** ATPases hallmarks the initiation of defense signaling in plant cells. Early defense responses also include depo...
-
Protocol
Quantitative Measurement of Pattern-Triggered ROS Burst as an Early Immune Response in Tomato
The rapid accumulation of extracellular “reactive oxygen species” (ROS), also known as the “oxidative burst”, is an early plant immune response triggered by pathogen-derived microbe-associated molecular patter...
-
Protocol
Short-Read RNA-Seq
RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) has emerged as a powerful and versatile tool for the comprehensive analysis of transcriptomes and has been widely used to investigate gene expression, copy number variation, alternativ...
-
Protocol
LC-MS-Based Redox Phosphoipidomics Analysis in Ferroptosis
Ferroptosis is a regulated form of cell death characterized by the accumulation of oxidized phospholipids, particularly oxidized phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), which serve as important biomarkers in the progr...
-
Protocol
Studying Virus-Host Interactions with CRISPR Technology
The mosquito-borne West Nile virus (WNV) poses a great threat to public health as no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment is available. Exploring virus-host interactions, specifically host factors that are ...
-
Protocol
Chemoproteomic Profiling of Geranyl Pyrophosphate-Binding Proteins
Chemical proteomics has been widely applied in the identification and quantification of targeted proteins. Here we describe a chemoproteomic method, in combination with stable isotope labeling by amino acids i...
-
Protocol
In Vitro Generation of Heart Field Specific Cardiomyocytes
Myocardial infarction (MI) can lead to irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs), primarily localized to the left ventricle (LV) of the heart. The CMs of the LV are predominantly derived from first heart field...
-
Protocol
Homogeneous Differentiation of Functional Hepatocytes from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could provide an unlimited source of liver cells for regenerative medicine, disease modeling, drug screening, and toxico...
-
Protocol
Retroviral Transduction of NKT Hybridoma Cells
Natural killer T (NKT) cells have been shown to bridge innate and adaptive immunity. However, the rare population and hard-to-transfect of primary NKT cells slow down our understanding of cellular and molecula...
-
Protocol
Human Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Isolation and Proteomic Characterization for the Optimization of Liquid Biopsy in Multiple Myeloma
Cancer cells secrete membranous extracellular vesicles (EVs) which contain specific oncogenic molecular cargo (including oncoproteins, oncopeptides, and RNA) into their microenvironment and the circulation. As...
-
Protocol
Analysis of Annotated and Unannotated Long Noncoding RNAs from Exosome Subtypes Using Next-Generation RNA Sequencing
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contain >200 nucleotides and act as regulatory molecules in transcription and translation processes in both normal and pathological conditions. LncRNAs have been reported to local...
-
Protocol
Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Fiber Systems Related to ADAMTS Proteins
ADAMTS (a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease domain with thrombospondin type 1 motifs) proteins regulate tissue homeostasis and extracellular matrix (ECM)-related pathogenesis. Some ADAMTS proteins interact ...
-
Protocol
In Situ Hybridization and Immunostaining of Xenopus Brain
The dynamic expression pattern analysis provides the primary information of gene function. Differences of the RNA and/or protein location will provide valuable information for gene expression regulation. Gener...
-
Protocol
Single-Cell Cytokine Analysis to Characterize CAR-T Cell Activation
With the increase in the implementation of adoptive transfer anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, we introduce a novel platform to study their heterogeneous cytokine response at the single...
-
Protocol
Precision Medicine in Tissue Engineering on Bone
With the rapidly development of clinical treatments, precision medicine has come to people eyes with the requirement according to different people and different disease situation. So precision medicine is call...
-
Protocol
Crystallographic Studies of the Cerebral Cavernous Malformations Proteins
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are dysplasias that primarily occur in the neurovasculature, and are associated with mutations in three genes: KRIT1, CCM2, and PDCD10, the protein products of which are KRI...
-
Protocol
Quantification of Human MAIT Cell-Mediated Cellular Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity
The mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells represent the most abundant population of antimicrobial T cells in humans. When encountering cells infected with riboflavin-producing bacteria, this innate-like T...
-
Protocol
In Vitro Detection of Cellular Adjuvant Properties of Human Invariant Natural Killer T Cells
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a subset of T lymphocytes that play a crucial role in the tumor surveillance. The activation of iNKT cells by their specific ligand α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) i...
-
Protocol
Production of Genetically Engineered Porcine Embryos by Handmade Cloning
Genetic engineering is essential to realize the full potentials of pigs both as livestock and as animal models of human disease. With the development of new genetic engineering technologies, such as the cluste...
-
Protocol
Application of Gelatin Zymography in Nanotoxicity Research
Gelatin zymography is a relatively simple, inexpensive, and powerful technique to detect proteolytic enzymes capable of degrading gelatin from various biological sources. It has been used particularly to detec...
