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Protocol
Quantitative Mass Spectrometry-Based Secretome Analysis as a Tool to Investigate Metalloprotease and TIMP Activity
Cell surface proteolysis controls numerous biological processes including cell–cell attachment and the communication between cells. The membrane-tethered families of matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) and dis...
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Protocol
A Biomimetic Model for Mineralization of Type-I Collagen Fibrils
The bone and dentin mainly consist of type-I collagen fibrils mineralized by hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanocrystals. In vitro biomimetic models based on self-assembled collagen fibrils have been widely used in stud...
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Protocol
Characterization of FOXO Acetylation
FOXO3 is a tumor suppressor that orchestrates the expression of genes that regulate cell cycle progression, apoptosis, metabolism, oxidative stress, and other important cellular processes. Its inactivation is ...
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Protocol
Reconstitution and Characterization of BCL-2 Family Proteins in Lipid Bilayer Nanodiscs
The BCL-2 family proteins are key regulators of programmed cell death or apoptosis, and represent important targets for the development of anticancer drugs. Because their functions are intimately connected wit...
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Protocol
Prediction of Protein Phosphorylation Sites by Integrating Secondary Structure Information and Other One-Dimensional Structural Properties
Studies on phosphorylation are important but challenging for both wet-bench experiments and computational studies, and accurate non-kinase-specific prediction tools are highly desirable for whole-genome annota...
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Protocol
Structure Determination Software for Macromolecular X-Ray Crystallography
Because of the phase problem in crystallography, electron density maps can only be calculated based on the substructure of heavy atoms (experimental phasing) or known homology structure (molecular replacement)...
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Protocol
Analysis of the Intracellular Role of Galectins in Cell Growth and Apoptosis
Galectins are a family of animal lectins with conserved carbohydrate-recognition domains that recognize β-galactosides. Despite structural similarities, these proteins have diverse functions in a variety of ce...
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Protocol
Human Tumor Xenografts in Mouse as a Model for Evaluating Therapeutic Efficacy of Monoclonal Antibodies or Antibody-Drug Conjugate Targeting Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
Targeting receptor tyrosine kinases by therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates has met with tremendous success in clinical oncology. Currently, numerous therapeutic monoclonal antibodies...
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Protocol
One-Step Purification of Glutamate Decarboxylase from E. coli Using Aqueous Two-Phase System
The aqueous two-phase system (ATPS), formed when two polymers or one polymer and one salt are mixed together at ap...
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Protocol
Use of Thiol-Disulfide Exchange Method to Study Transmembrane Peptide Association in Membrane Environments
The development of methods for reversibly folding membrane proteins in a two-state manner remains a considerable challenge for studies of membrane protein stability. In recent years, a variety of techniques ha...
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Protocol
Phosphopeptide Microarrays for Comparative Proteomic Profiling of Cellular Lysates
Protein phosphorylation is one of the most important and well-studied posttranslational modifications. Aberrant phosphorylation causes a wide spectrum of diseases, including cancers. As a result, many of the p...
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Protocol
Membrane Protein Structure Determination: Back to the Membrane
NMR spectroscopy enables the structures of membrane proteins to be determined in the native-like environment of the phospholipid bilayer membrane. This chapter outlines the methods for membrane protein structu...
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Protocol
Plasma Biomarker Discovery Using 3D Protein Profiling Coupled with Label-Free Quantitation
In-depth quantitative profiling of human plasma samples for biomarker discovery remains quite challenging. One promising alternative to chemical derivatization with stable isotope labels for quantitative compa...
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Protocol
In-Depth Analysis of a Plasma or Serum Proteome Using a 4D Protein Profiling Method
Comprehensive proteomic analysis of human plasma or serum has been a major strategy used to identify biomarkers that serve as indicators of disease. However, such in-depth proteomic analyses are challenging du...
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Protocol
Map** of Ago2–GW182 Functional Interactions
MicroRNA (miRNA)-mediated posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression has become a major focus in understanding fine-tuning controls in many biological processes. Argonaute 2 protein (Ago2), a core compo...
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Protocol
Hybrid Quantum and Classical Methods for Computing Kinetic Isotope Effects of Chemical Reactions in Solutions and in Enzymes
A method for incorporating quantum mechanics into enzyme kinetics modeling is presented. Three aspects are emphasized: 1) combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical methods are used to represent the ...