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Non-Neoplastic and Indeterminate Thyroid Lesions
Non-neoplastic thyroid lesions include nodules with nondiagnostic cytology and those with benign cytology. In approximately 15% of cases, fine-needle...
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Cervical Lymphadenectomy in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) spreads preferentially to lymph nodes. When central or lateral cervical lymph node basins are macroscopically affected...
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Traumatic Brain Injury in Pregnancy
Traumatic brain injury may cause significant morbidity and mortality in the pregnant trauma patient. Although there are minor differences, the...
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The Central Role of Specialized Neurocritical Care Teams: Standards of Neurologic Critical Care Units
Intensive care units evolved over the past century to become an integral part of the hospital system. Intensivists provide care for the most...
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Clinical and Bioethical Perspective on Brain Death, Organ Donation, and Family Communication
The concept of brain death emerged about 60 years ago, when the development of ventilators and other intensive care unit technologies allowed...
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Multiple Trauma Management: Treatment of Abdominal Injury in Combination with Trauma Brain Injury
Patients with combined head and abdominal trauma present unique challenges to the trauma team, namely in how to prioritize injuries, determine...
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Sedation, Pain, and Delirium in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
The objectives of sedation/analgesia in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) are focused on preventing alterations in brain perfusion...
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Temperature Control and the Role of Therapeutic Hypothermia in Traumatic Brain Injury
Currently there are limited therapeutic interventions that have been reported to improve functional outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury...
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Out-of-Hospital Management of Traumatic Brain Injury
The out-of-hospital management of patients with suspected traumatic brain injury should focus on initial management of airway, breathing, and...
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Infection Management in the Neurocritical Care Setting
Central nervous system infections are frequently seen in patients with penetrating head trauma or neurosurgical procedures or instrumentation....
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Seizure: Prophylaxis and Treatment in Acute Brain Injury
Prophylaxis for post-traumatic seizures is a current practice to avoid the morbidity and potential secondary brain injury associated with...
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Survey: Italian Robotic Colorectal Surgery
This national survey, launched in November 2022, was performed to investigate, for the first time, the spread of robotic colorectal surgery in Italy....
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New Robotic Platforms
Standard laparoscopic instruments have limited dexterity due to their rigidity, making some surgical tasks extremely challenging. Robotic surgery was...
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Robotic Hartmann’s Reversal
The reversal of Hartmann’s procedure was first described by Boyden et al., who reported on the reversal of six colostomies, while the first...
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The Evolution of Minimally Invasive Robotic Surgery in the Last 20 Years
The minimally invasive approach has represented a game-changing innovation in surgery, with laparoscopy becoming a core technique in the colorectal...
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Robotic Intersphincteric Resection and Abdominoperineal Resection for Low Cancer
Over the last decade there has been a dramatic rise in the use of minimally invasive surgery for rectal cancer, with excellent results in terms of...
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Robotic Surgery for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Total Colectomy
Surgery represents the mainstay of treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In recent decades, a minimally invasive approach has been pursued...
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Costs in Robotic Colorectal Surgery
The use of robotic colorectal (CR) surgery has been increasing steadily, especially for proctectomy. Although controversy over improved results...
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Robotic-Assisted One-Stage Resection of Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastases
The liver is the most common site of colorectal cancer metastatic spread, which occurs in about 50% of patients. Although synchronous disease is...
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Robotic Procedure for Rare Rectal Conditions: GIST and Tailgut Cysts
Tailgut cysts and rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare rectal tumors found in the retrorectal space. Tailgut cysts are congenital...