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Degradation and Preservation of Organic Matter in Marine Sediments
Organic matter that is deposited in aquatic sediments is subject to an intense diagenetic reactor that determines how much organic carbon is...
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Biological Markers for Anoxia in the Photic Zone of the Water Column
In this chapter we review the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of anoxic conditions in the water column of past depositional systems...
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Controls on the Carbon Isotopic Compositions of Lipids in Marine Environments
Organic carbon isotopes have long been used to study modern and ancient biogeochemical processes. Controls on the isotopic composition of organic...
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Sources and Cycling of Organic Matter in the Marine Water Column
The organic carbon cycle operates on multiple time scales with a only small fraction of the global reservoir actively exchanged. For the marine...
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Molecular Tools for the Analysis of DNA in Marine Environments
In the last decade, microbial ecologists have increasingly applied molecular techniques to investigate microorganisms in natural environments. The...
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Atmospheric Transport of Terrestrial Organic Matter to the Sea
The transport of atmospheric particles with associated terrestrial organic matter to the oceans is an important process affecting various global...
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Sources and Fate of Organic Contaminants in the Marine Environment
The sources, levels, and fate of organic contaminants of major concern in the marine environment are reviewed. Spatial distributions among the...
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Lipid Markers for Marine Organic Matter
An astonishing variety of different lipids have been found in marine sediments and the water column attesting to the diversity of biosynthetic...
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Pigment Markers for Phytoplankton Production
Chlorophylls and carotenoids are commonly used as quantitative biomarkers for the composition and biomass of marine phytoplankton. This chapter...
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Isotopic Tracers of the Marine Nitrogen Cycle: Present and Past
The oceanic nitrogen cycle consists of a web of microbially mediated transformations driven in part by the large range in possible nitrogen...
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Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Tree-Ring Growth in Cold Climates
The medium- and long-term projections of global climate models show the effects of global warming will be most pronounced in cold climate areas,...
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Boreal Forest Landscape Restoration in the Face of Extensive Forest Fragmentation and Loss
Historical conditions that provide a natural legacy for defining restoration targets are not applicable without adjusting these targets to expected...
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Innovative Silviculture to Achieve Sustainable Forest Management in Boreal Forests: Lessons from Two Large-Scale Experiments
Clear-cutting has been the dominant harvesting method used in boreal forest silviculture. Reducing the potential negative effects of intensive...
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Gender and the Imaginary of Forestry in Boreal Ecosystems
In this chapter, we examine forestry work in two boreal regions—Canada and Sweden—where gender mainstreaming has long been established in government...
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Changes in Water Status and Carbon Allocation in Conifers Subjected to Spruce Budworm Defoliation and Consequences for Tree Mortality and Forest Management
The ability of forests to provide ecosystem services and renewable goods faces several challenges related to insect defoliation. Spruce budworm...
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Governance in the Boreal Forest: What Role for Local and Indigenous Communities?
This chapter describes key trends in boreal forest governance in the twenty-first century and implications for the engagement of local and Indigenous...
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Challenges for the Sustainable Management of the Boreal Forest Under Climate Change
The increasing effects of climate and global change oblige ecosystem-based management to adapt forestry practices to deal with uncertainties. Here we...
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Public Participation at a Crossroads: Manipulation or Meaningful Engagement in the Boreal Region
Advances in public participation are stimulated by multiple drivers, including public concern for environmental degradation, conflict between forest...
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Introduction to Organic Agriculture
Increasing concerns regarding the status of the environment and food quality contribute to an increasing demand for agricultural products produced by...
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Challenges and Opportunities for the Global Food System
The urgency of the climate crisis demands a reduction in fossil fuel emissions, and agriculture and food systems that reduce, avoid, and remove...