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Chapter
Blood Substitutes
The history of “blood substitutes” goes back nearly a century. Soon after the discovery of oxygen and the relation of oxygen and hemoglobin as life-delivering components of blood, efforts were undertaken to de...
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Chapter
Electroconvulsive Therapy: Indications, Use, and Adverse Effects
In this chapter, we discuss indications, pre-electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) evaluations, concurrent use of ECT and psychotropic medications, right unilateral ultra-brief pulse wave ECT, methods of ECT adminis...
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Chapter
Liver Transplantation Imaging
Liver transplantation (LT) has been accepted as the effective curative treatment for patients with end-stage hepatic disease, attributed to advances in organ procurement and surgical techniques a...
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Chapter
Ileocolonoscopy in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Because of the similar gastrointestinal symptoms and extraintestinal manifestations among various inflammatory intestinal disorders, it is important, but not always easy, to make a correct diagnosis of IBD for...
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Chapter
Electroconvulsive Therapy: Indications, Use and Adverse Effects
In this chapter, we discuss indications, pre-ECT evaluations, concurrent use of ECT and psychotropic medications, right unilateral ultra-brief pulse wave ECT, methods of ECT administration, adverse reactions, ...
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Chapter
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits an obvious sexual dimorphism, since it has a significantly high male-to-female ratio in the incidence rate. HCC occurs more frequently and aggressively in men than in wo...
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Chapter
Chronic Liver Disease
A better understanding of how sex/gender differences affect liver health and disease is essential to achieving individualized health care and informed decision-making for patients with chronic liver disease. T...