50 Result(s)
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Chapter
Stefan Zerbe
Ecosystems
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Reasons and Motivations for Ecosystem Restoration
The reasons and motivations for ecosystem restoration are differentiated into four categories, i.e., (1) environmental science, ecological, and nature conservation facts, (2) economic cost-benefit calculations...
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Conclusions and Outlook
In a concluding synthesis, the limiting factors of ecosystem restoration from an ecological, economic, and social perspective, the duration of a restoration, the still high nutrient input into the ecosystems o...
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Traditional Agroforestry Systems
Traditional agroforestry systems were once widespread in Central Europe and today mostly represent historical cultural landscape elements. These include, for example, traditional orchards (Streuobstwiesen), tree ...
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Which Ecosystem Should Be Restored? Reference Systems for Restoration
For the identification of the restoration potential, the selection of suitable restoration or management measures, the coordination and, if necessary, the resolution of conflicts of land use with the stakehold...
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Natural and Anthropogenic Lakes
Central Europe is naturally very rich in lakes in many regions, partly as a result of glacial landscape history. In addition, there are a large number of artificial lakes. One of the main environmental pressur...
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Re-introduction of Plant and Animal Species
The re-introduction of animal and plant species is intended, on the one hand, to support a population threatened with extinction in a certain area or on a restoration site (reinforcement), or to bring back a plan...
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Marine Habitats in the North Sea and Baltic Sea
The current debate on the global problem of plastic and microplastic inputs into marine ecosystems shows that there is an urgent need to improve the ecological status of marine ecosystems. The EU Marine Strate...
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Monitoring and Success Control
In order to determine, after applying measures of ecosystem restoration, whether the set goals have been achieved, a success control is necessary. This can be carried out once after a certain period of time or...
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Mesophilic, Wet, and Calcareous Grassland
Grassland is one of the most important elements of the cultural landscapes in Central Europe. Especially extensively managed, moderately or non-fertilized grassland on dry, calcareous, acidic, or wet sites har...
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Peatland
The high significance of peatlands for species, habitat, landscape and climate protection is widely recognised throughout Europe today. In addition to a brief sketch on the history of peatland use, the vegetat...
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Species-Rich Arable Land
Before the introduction of mineral fertilizers and the widespread use of synthetic pesticides, arable land of Central Europe was home to a large variety of plant and animal species that colonized the different...
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Urban Ecosystems
With the increasing proportion of the world’s population living in cities, urban ecosystems are of great importance as living spaces for humans. The ecological characteristics and services of urban ecosystems,...
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Restoration Economy: Costs and Benefits
Cost-benefit calculations play a role not only for land use and generally for nature conservation and environmental protection at the business and macro-economic level, but are also becoming increasingly impor...
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Introduction to Restoration Ecology
Restoration ecology is an interdisciplinary field of research that builds on the concepts and foundations of ecology and makes use of other disciplines of the natural and social sciences in both theory and pra...
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Rivers and Floodplains
Most rivers and their floodplains in Central Europe have lost their natural dynamics and the typical habitats due to anthropogenic interventions and land use, respectively. Nevertheless, attempts have been mad...
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Measures in the Practice of Ecosystem Restoration
The measures applied for the restoration of ecosystem range from the well-known measures applied in nature conservation management, agriculture, and forestry or established in the context of ecological enginee...
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Coastal and Inland Salt Grassland
Not least, climate change and the associated rise in sea level have put coastal habitats on the agenda of international environmental policy. In Europe, numerous projects for the restoration of coastal salt gr...
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Dealing with Non-native Species in Ecosystem Restoration
The occurrence of and invasion by non-native plant and animal species (neobiota) is often considered a problem for nature conservation and ecosystem restoration. The general perception of and approaches to “al...
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Lowland and Mountain Heaths
As ecosystems created by traditional land use in past centuries, lowland and mountain heaths in Central and Western Europe today have a high nature conservation value and contribute positively to local-regiona...
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Forests
In Central Europe, the focus of forest restoration is less on increasing the forest area than on increasing or improving the multifunctionality and ecosystem services of existing forests, particularly through ...
