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    Chapter

    The Story of Paolo and Francesca

    Imagine reading the Inferno without any background information or historical commentary—without footnotes, glosses, or prior knowledge of the characters. In Canto V (translated in the Appendix), you would find Da...

    Peter Levine in Reforming the Humanities (2009)

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    Chapter

    Introduction

    This is a book about ethics and stories. Ethics (or morality) encompasses what is right or good, what we ought to do, and how laws and institutions should be organized. I argue that a good way to make ethical ...

    Peter Levine in Reforming the Humanities (2009)

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    Chapter

    Poetry and the Emotions in Francesca’s Case

    I have argued that Dante applied a moral theory to the story that he told in Canto V. Francesca’s case was a clear instance of adultery; and adultery was a voluntary act of immoral love. On this ground, Dante,...

    Peter Levine in Reforming the Humanities (2009)

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    Chapter

    Good and Bad Stories, and Francesca as a Reader

    Assuming that we use stories for moral guidance, it can be difficult to decide which ones to heed. Boccaccio’s narrative emphasizes Francesca’s fraudulent marriage contract; Dante’s stresses the moment at whic...

    Peter Levine in Reforming the Humanities (2009)

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    Chapter

    Consequences

    Modernism is a set of responses to a serious dilemma: the groundlessness of all artistic and intellectual traditions. Postmodernism is one of those responses. Nietzsche was already thoroughly postmodern in the...

    Peter Levine in Reforming the Humanities (2009)

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    Chapter

    Dante Philosophizes About Francesca’s Case

    C.H. Grandgent claimed that Dante’s portrait of Francesca was marked by “compassion, tenderness, sympathetic curiosity, [and] anguish.”1 The idea that Dante pitied Francesca still seemed so obvious to Lionel Tril...

    Peter Levine in Reforming the Humanities (2009)

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    Chapter

    Criticizing Moral Theory

    In the previous chapter, I argued that Dante’s suspicion of concrete, descriptive, narrative writing arose from specific philosophical doctrines. He distrusted emotions; he believed that tragedy was impossible...

    Peter Levine in Reforming the Humanities (2009)

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    Chapter

    Modern Versions

    Distinguishing between ethical and immoral cases of passionate love is one our most serious responsibilities. Unfortunately, making such distinctions will not be easy if we refuse to apply general principles a...

    Peter Levine in Reforming the Humanities (2009)