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Chapter
Myocardial Ischemia: A Link Between Hypertension and Heart Failure
Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for morbidity and mortality worldwide, while the most common cause of death in hypertensive patients is heart failure. Myocardial ischemia is an important pathophy...
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Chapter
Hypertension in Young Adults
Arterial hypertension in young adults is not well defined due to the high variability of the corresponding age interval. However, ages 18 through 45 seem to be the most reasonable based on common pathogenic me...
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Chapter
Treating Hypertension Complicated with Heart Failure: Going Beyond the Numbers
In the past two decades, treatment of hypertension has shifted from rigid cutoff values to an integrative approach based on the absolute cardiovascular (CV) risk profile of an individual. Blood pressure (BP) v...
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Chapter
Coronary Microcirculatory Dysfunction Evaluation in Chronic Angina
Normal coronary arteries or non-obstructive epicardial stenosis are found frequently during evaluation of patients with chronic angina. We present the clinical evaluation of a young female patient with angina ...
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Chapter
Role of Echocardiography
Hypertensive heart disease represents a spectrum of changes in the heart geometry and functions as an adaptation to long-term increased blood pressure. These alterations in the heart function and structure, al...
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Chapter
Biomarkers
Even though heart failure (HF) is a global public health problem, its diagnosis is often quite challenging, especially in the initial stages. Biomarkers are useful instruments which could facilitate the early ...
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Chapter
New Drugs for the Hypertensive Failing Heart
A few important and relevant aspects revealed during a series of basic and clinical research studies have changed the view on hypertension, its treatment, and the prophylaxis of its complications, in particula...
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Chapter
Congenital Heart Disease and Right Heart
In the field of congenital heart disease (CHD) the right heart is frequently affected, therefore understanding its dysfunction and discovering new modalities of evaluation may have clinical implications. In pa...
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Chapter
Left Heart Pathology and Right Ventricle Function
Pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction are both common in left-sided heart failure. The classical belief that in left-sided heart disease, right ventricular dysfunction develops secondary to ...
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Chapter
Arrhythmias in Right Heart Disease
Right heart disease can be associated with increased risk for arrhythmias, both ventricular and supraventricular. Right sided arrhythmias may occur in the setting of structural disease predominantly affecting ...
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Chapter
Rehabilitation Therapy in Patients with Heart Failure
There is a growing number of patients with heart failure, both male and female. The current medical therapy includes a variety of medical treatment options that can reduce morbidity and mortality.
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Chapter
Evolving Concepts on the Basic Mechanisms of Heart Failure
Heart failure (HF) syndrome is the result of the interaction of multiple mechanisms which act interdependently. The hemodynamic impairment secondary to the low cardiac output is closely linked to the neurohorm...