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    Chapter

    Biogenicity of Earth’s Earliest Fossils

    The abundant and diverse assemblage of filamentous microbial fossils and associated organic matter permineralized in the ~ 3465 Ma Apex chert of northwestern Australia—widely regarded as among the oldest recor...

    Prof. J. William Schopf in Evolution of Archean Crust and Early Life (2014)

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    Chapter

    Three-Dimensional Morphological (CLSM) and Chemical (Raman) Imagery of Cellularly Mineralized Fossils

    Of all modes of fossilization, cellular mineralization, whether by the ­non-biologic process of permineralization (“petrifaction”) or by microbially ­mediated mineral precipitation (“authigenic mineralization”...

    J. William Schopf, Anatoliy B. Kudryavtsev, Abhishek B. Tripathi in Taphonomy (2011)

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    Chapter

    Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy and Raman (and Fluorescence) Spectroscopic Imagery of Permineralized Cambrian and Neoproterozoic Fossils

    Among all problems confronting the study of permineralized (petrified) ­fossils—the most life-like remnants preserved in the fossil record—two stand out, the need for (1) accurate documentation of their three-...

    J. William Schopf, Anatoliy B. Kudryavtsev in Quantifying the Evolution of Early Life (2011)