52 Result(s)
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English
Medicine & Public Health
Biostatistics
Public Health
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Chapter
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Chapter
Data Analysis for Controlling Errors in Medical Science Investigations
Data analysis is an important part of medical science investigations and can help researchers identify and control errors that could affect their results. Data analysis plays a crucial role in controlling erro...
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Study Guide: Pilot, Pre-test, Quality Assurance, Quality Control, and Protocol Modifications
A thorough understanding of the concepts in this chapter is essential to conducting rigorous and effective research studies. Proper implementation of these concepts can minimize errors and biases and ensure th...
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Basic Concepts
In today’s world, research with different applications has presented a different form of life to mankind, and it is no longer an individual approach, but an organizational enterprise that tries to answer burni...
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The Method of Designing Studies in Medical Sciences
The design of studies in the medical sciences requires careful planning and consideration of various factors to ensure that the study is valid and reliable and provides meaningful results. A study design shoul...
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Problems Related to Etiology in Medical Sciences
Errors are one of the most important factors affecting causal relationships and can cause fake and spurious relationships. A spurious correlation is a mathematical relationship in which two or more events or v...
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Methods of Controlling Confounding in Medical Sciences Studies
Confounding may be a major concern in medical sciences considers as can lead to one-sided comes about and off-base conclusions. Controlling for confounding factors is subsequently pivotal in guaranteeing exact...
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Identification and Control of Bias in Medical Sciences Investigations
Identifying and controlling bias in medical sciences investigations is essential for producing high-quality research that can inform clinical practice and improve patient outcomes. It requires a combination of...
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Errors in Medical Procedures
Clinical procedure errors are a global problem in healthcare systems and can arise from various factors such as inadequate training, communication breakdowns, and equipment malfunctions. Strategies such as cro...
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Research Design Strategies in Medical Sciences and their Potential Specific Errors
There are different methods to achieve research objectives. Choosing the right method can reduce the possibility of errors in medical science research. All research has some degree of error and no research is ...
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Precision, Validity, and Repeatability of Measurements and Diagnostic Tests
Measuring is one of the most common things that we do every day in our lives and careers. A lot of our decisions depend on the size we get. For example, to prescribe the right amount of insulin to a diabetic p...
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Evaluation of the Role of Intervening Variables in Analytical Studies
This chapter explains the variables and their types according to their nature and role. It shows the role of confounding factors and their effect on the error of cause-effect relationships and also provides th...
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Screening and Diagnosis
Screening and diagnostic tests can detect diseases at early stages to promote potentially beneficial treatments. The interpretation of screening and diagnostic test results depends on the disease process of in...
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Statistical Inference
The results obtained in a particular study may or may not reflect those of the larger underlying population. Statistical inference is a mathematical process used to relate findings obtained from a sample (stud...
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Population, Exposure, and Outcome
A study population refers to all people who enter a research study, regardless of whether they are exposed, are treated, develop the outcome of interest, or drop out of the study before completion. The exposur...
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Linear Regression
Regression is a mathematical tool for quantifying the association between two or more variables. A fitted univariate linear regression model describes the average difference in one characteristic per unit diff...
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Cross-Sectional Studies
Cross-sectional studies are defined by measurement of the exposure and the outcome of the study at the same time. There is no follow-up time in cross-sectional studies. Consequently, cross-sectional study data...
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Survival Analysis
Survival analysis is used to describe the continuous probability of disease-free survival over follow-up. The survivor function, S(t), is a function fit to the study data that returns the cumulative probability o...
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Case-Control Studies
Case-control studies are a specialized type of observational study design ideally suited for evaluating rare diseases and those with a long latency period. Case-control studies begin by targeting people who ha...
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Misclassification
Misclassification refers to the false characterization of a study characteristic due to measurement error. Information regarding the procedures used to measure the study data helps to infer whether misclassifi...
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Effect Modification
The impact of an exposure or treatment may differ across people. Effect modification occurs when the size of an association between an exposure and outcome differs according to another characteristic. A true d...
